Kinetics Flashcards
(11 cards)
What is the rate of a chemical reaction?
The change in concentration of a reactant or product per unit time.
What is the collision theory?
Reactions occur when particles collide with sufficient energy and the correct orientation.
What is activation energy
The minimum energy required for a reaction to occur.
How does temperature affect the rate of reaction?
Increasing temperature increases particle energy, leading to more frequent and energetic collisions.
How does concentration affect the rate of reaction?
Higher concentration means more particles in the same volume, increasing the chance of collisions.
How does pressure affect the rate of gaseous reactions?
Increasing pressure compresses the gas, increasing particle collisions and the reaction rate.
How does surface area affect the rate of reaction?
larger surface area (e.g., powdered solids) allows more frequent collisions with reactant particles.
What is a catalyst?
A substance that increases the rate of a reaction by providing an alternative pathway with lower activation energy, without being used up.
How do catalysts affect the activation energy?
They lower the activation energy, so more particles have enough energy to react.
What does a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curve show?
The distribution of energies among particles in a substance at a given temperature.
What happens to the Maxwell-Boltzmann curve when temperature increases?
The peak flattens and shifts to the right; more particles have energy ≥ activation energy.
