Kinetics

Question 1

What does the term rate describe in chemical reactions?

Answer 1

The speed of a reaction

Question 2

How is the rate of reaction defined?

Answer 2

The change in concentration of a reactant or product in a given time

Question 3

What is the formula to calculate the rate of reaction?

Answer 3

Rate = Change in concentration / Time

Question 4

What are the units for measuring rate of reaction?

Answer 4

mole dma = mol dma s

Question 5

What happens to the rate of reaction as reactants are used up?

Answer 5

The rate decreases

Question 6

When does a reaction stop?

Answer 6

When one of the reactants is used up

Question 7

What is the rate of reaction when it stops?

Answer 7

0

Question 8

What theory explains how reacting molecules collide leading to a reaction?

Answer 8

Collision theory

Question 9

What must occur for a reaction to take place during a collision?

Answer 9

The conditions must be right

Question 10

What is activation energy?

Answer 10

The energy needed to break the initial bonds during a collision

Question 11

What type of collision is more likely to result in a reaction?

Answer 11

Head-on collision

Question 12

What happens during a glancing blow collision?

Answer 12

No reaction occurs

Question 13

What occurs if the collision energy is less than the activation energy?

Answer 13

The molecules just bounce apart

Question 14

What must the orientation of molecules be for products to be made?

Answer 14

Correct orientation

Question 15

Fill in the blank: The rate of reaction is highest when the concentrations of the reactants are at their _______.

Answer 15

highest

Question 16

What is the effect of temperature on the rate of a chemical reaction?

Answer 16

An increase in temperature will increase the rate of reaction

Higher temperature leads to faster molecular movement, more collisions, and a greater proportion of molecules exceeding the activation energy.

Question 17

How does increased temperature affect molecular movement?

Answer 17

Molecules move faster and have more energy

This increased movement contributes to a higher reaction rate.

Question 18

What happens to the number of collisions per unit time when temperature increases?

Answer 18

There are more collisions per unit time

More collisions increase the probability of successful reactions.

Question 19

What is activation energy in the context of chemical reactions?

Answer 19

The minimum energy that reactants must possess for a successful collision

Molecules need energy greater than activation energy to react.

Question 20

Fill in the blank: A greater number of molecules have an energy which is greater than the _______.

Answer 20

activation energy

This contributes to more successful collisions per unit time.

Question 21

What is the relationship between successful collisions and reaction rate?

Answer 21

More successful collisions per unit time lead to an increased reaction rate

Successful collisions are necessary for a reaction to occur.

Question 22

How does higher pressure affect the rate of a reaction?

Answer 22

Higher pressure increases the rate of a reaction

This is because higher pressure decreases the volume, increasing the concentration of gaseous molecules.

Question 23

What happens to the volume when pressure is increased?

Answer 23

The volume decreases

This is a direct result of applying higher pressure in a gaseous system.

Question 24

What effect does increasing pressure have on the number of particles per volume?

Answer 24

It increases the number of particles per volume

More particles in a given volume lead to a higher likelihood of collisions.

Question 25

True or False: Increasing pressure allows molecules more space to move around.

Answer 25

False ## Footnote Higher pressure reduces the space available for molecular movement.

Question 26

Fill in the blank: Increasing pressure leads to an _______ in the concentration of gaseous molecules.

Answer 26

increase ## Footnote This is due to the decrease in volume associated with higher pressure.

Question 27

What is the relationship between pressure and collision frequency?

Answer 27

Higher pressure increases collision frequency ## Footnote With less space to move, molecules are more likely to collide.

Question 28

What happens to the rate of a reaction when the collision frequency increases?

Answer 28

The rate of the reaction increases ## Footnote More collisions occur with energy greater than or equal to the activation energy.

Question 29

How does an increase in concentration affect the rate of reaction?

Answer 29

It increases the rate of reaction ## Footnote More molecules lead to more collisions.

Question 30

What is the effect of increasing the number of particles per volume?

Answer 30

It increases the collision frequency ## Footnote More collisions result in a higher reaction rate.

Question 31

What does an increase in surface area do to the rate of reaction?

Answer 31

It increases the rate of reaction ## Footnote A decrease in particle size exposes more particles to collide.

Question 32

What is the relationship between surface area and collision frequency?

Answer 32

An increase in surface area leads to an increase in collision frequency ## Footnote More exposed particles are available to collide.

Question 33

Fill in the blank: An increase in _______ will increase the rate of reaction.

Answer 33

concentration

Question 34

True or False: A decrease in particle size will decrease the rate of reaction.

Answer 34

False ## Footnote A decrease in particle size increases surface area, leading to more collisions.

Question 35

What does an increase in the number of collisions with energy greater than or equal to the activation energy result in?

Answer 35

An increase in the rate of reaction

Question 36

How does temperature affect the rate of a chemical reaction

Answer 36

Question 37

How does pressure increase the rate of a reaction

Answer 37

… increase in the collision theory Increases the rate of reaction

Question 38

How does concentration affect the rate of reaction

Answer 38

Question 39

How does surface area affect the rate of reaction

Answer 39

Question 40

How does a catalyst affect the rate of reaction

Answer 40

A catalyst provides an alternative route for the reaction with a lower activation energy

Question 41

The Boltzmann distribution

Answer 41

Question 42

Boltzmann graph

Answer 42

Question 43

Effect of temperature on reaction rate. Boltzmann graph

Answer 43

Question 44

Effect of a catalyst on reaction rate. Boltzmann

Answer 44