Nomenclature And Isomerism In Organic Compounds Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is a homologous series?
Compounds which have the same general formula, similar chemical properties, show a gradation in physical properties and successive members differ by a CH2 unit
What is a functional group?
The reactive group within a compound
What are structural isomers?
Molecules which have the same molecular formula but a different structural formula
What are geometric isomers?
Molecules with the same structural formula, but different arrangement of atoms due to the presence of one or more carbon to carbon double bonds
What is general formula?
The simplest algebraic formula for a member of a homologous series.
Eg CnH2n+2
What is structural formula?
The minimum detail that shows the arrangement of the atoms in a molecule.
Eg CH3CHOH for ethanol
What is displayed formula?
Shows the relative positioning of atoms and the bonds between them.
Eg for ethanol
What does organic mean?
Carbon based compounds
What are the rules for naming organic compounds?
Order of names for each number of carbons. Eg methan
Formula and suffix for an alkane
Suffix- ane
Formula and suffix for an alkene
Suffix- ene
Prefix and formula for halogenoalkanes
Formula, prefix and suffix for alcohols
Formula and suffix for an aldehyde
Suffix- al
Formula and suffix for a ketone
Suffix- one
Formula and suffix for carbolic acids
Suffix- oic acid
Why do stereoisomers have the same structural formula but a different arrangement in space
Skeletal formula for an E isomer
Skeletal formula for a Z isomer
How do you determine the priority when dealing with E and Z isomers
