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SHF 203 - ORTHOPAEDIC TESTS > KNEE > Flashcards

KNEE Flashcards

1
Q

CLARKS

A

Pt supine
Push patella inferiorly
Pin in position
Ask pt to contract quads slowly

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2
Q

CLARKS - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

Chondromalacia patella
Degenerative patella femoral joint

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3
Q

CLARKS - POSITIVE TEST

A

Retropatella pain (Pain on posterior surface of patella)

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4
Q

BALLOTTMENTS/SWEEP

A

Pt supine
Pillow under knee
Milk knee/quads
Keeping pressure on femur, tap patella

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5
Q

BALLOTTMENTS - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

Internal derangement
Ligament sprain/strain or rupture
Vascular damage

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6
Q

BALLOTTMENTS - POSITIVE TEST

A

Increases bulge over patella
Rapid bounce back
Spongy feel
‘Floating” patella

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7
Q

APLEY’S COMPRESSION

A

Pt prone
Leg up to 90
Examiner place their knee on pt hamstring
Compress through foot
Internally and externally rotate foot

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8
Q

APLEY’S COMPRESSION - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

Meniscal damage

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9
Q

APLEY’S COMPRESSION - POSITIVE TEST

A

Pain on compression and rotation
Locking of knee

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10
Q

APLEY’S DISTRACTION

A

Pt prone
Leg up to 90
Examiner place their knee on pt hamstring
Distract by holding around pt ankle and lifting leg
Internally and externally rotate foot

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11
Q

APLEY’S DISTRACTION - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

Capsule/ligament lesion
Colateral lateral ligament sprain

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12
Q

APLEY’S DISTRACTION - POSITIVE TEST

A

Pain on distraction (ligament lesion/colateral lateral ligament sprain)
Decrease pain (suggests meniscal lesion)

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13
Q

MCMURRAY

A

Pt prone
Leg to 90
Dorsiflex foot and compress
Apply pressure into internal and external rotation

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14
Q

MCMURRAY - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

Meniscal lesion
Tibial internal rotation - Lateral meniscus
Tibial external rotation - Medial meniscus

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15
Q

MCMURRAY - POSITIVE TEST

A

Pain
Crepitus
Locking
Clicking
Grinding

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16
Q

EGE’S (MEDIAL MENISCUS)

A

Pt standing
Laterally rotate each tibia maximally (feet turned out)
Pt squat

17
Q

EGE’S (LATERAL MENISCUS)

A

Pt standing
Medially rotate each tibia maximally (feet turned in)
Pt squat
Difficult even for healthy pt

18
Q

EGE’S - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

Meniscal lesion
Tibial internal rotation - Lateral meniscus
Tibial external rotation - Medial meniscus

19
Q

EGE’S - POSITIVE TEST

A

Pain
Crepitus
Early flexion pain - anterior tears
Deep flexion pain - posterior horn tears

20
Q

THESSALY’S

A

Pt standing
Use examiners hands for balance
Pt stand on one leg with knee flexed 5
Examiner walks round so pt trunk is following the examiner
Repeat with pt knee flexed 20

21
Q

THESSALY’S - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

Meniscal lesion

22
Q

THESSALY’S - POSITIVE TEST

A

Pain
Buckling of knee
Catching
Clicking
Medial/lateral joint line discomfort

23
Q

ANTERIOR DRAW

A

Pt supine
Pt knee flexed
Examiner holds around top of tibia and fibula
Examiner pulls leg towards them
(same as accessory movement)

24
Q

ANTERIOR DRAW - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

Anterior cruciate ligament sprain/rupture

25
Q

ANTERIOR DRAW - POSITIVE TEST

A

Pain
Excessive movement (rupture)

26
Q

POSTERIOR DRAW

A

Pt supine
Pt knee flexed
Examiner holds around top of tibia and fibula
Examiner pushes leg away from them
(same as accessory movement)

27
Q

POSTERIOR DRAW - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

Posterior cruciate ligament sprain/rupture

28
Q

POSTERIOR DRAW - POSITIVE TEST

A

Pain
Excessive movement (rupture)

29
Q

LACHMAN

A

Pt supine
Examiner place knee under pt leg to flex leg 15-30
Anterior - Stabilise femur, pull tibia anteriorly
Posterior - Stabilise femur, push tibia posteriorly

30
Q

LACHMAN - WHAT DOES IT TEST?

A

Anterior - ACL injury
Posterior - PCL injury
Considered gold standard

31
Q

LACHMAN - POSITIVE TEST

A

Pain
Excessive movement (rupture)
Mushy/soft end feel
Disappearance of infra patella slope

SHF 203 - ORTHOPAEDIC TESTS (11 decks)

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