Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ortho > Knee > Flashcards

Knee Flashcards

1
Q

Why is popliteal artery prone to injury in knee dislocations?

A

Popliteal artery is tethered to popliteal fossa and is relatively immobile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What to suspect if LL pulses diminished after knee dislocation?

A

thrombosis from intimal tear of popliteal artery. Confirm reduction of joint, put on regular vascular charting KIV angiography with angioplasty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How do patella dislocations happen?

A

More commonly lateral, during sudden contraction of quads with knee in extension and valgus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How to differentiate btw fracture, ligament and meniscus?

A

Cannot weight bear = fracture
Cannot weight bear within 1-2 weeks + immediate swelling = ligament
Can weight bear within 1-2 weeks + delayed swelling = meniscus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how to differentiate compartments of knee OA?

A

Medial pain when walking flat ground = medial compt OA
Lateral pain when walking flat ground = lateral compt OA
Ant pain when walking up and down stairs = patellofemoral OA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Difference btw motions that cause instable knee?

A

ACL / PCL = turning tight angles, squatting, going up/down stairs
MCL / LCL = side stepping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How to differentiate ligamentous and meniscus injury from the swelling?

A

Acute trauma+ immediate swelling = ligament
Acute trauma + delayed swelling = meniscus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which knee ligaments are intracapsular and extracapsular?

A

Intracapsular = ACL, PCL
Extracapsular = MCL, LCL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What keeps knee joints stable?

A

Strong fibrous capsule
Ligaments
Quadriceps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How to differentiate ligament or meniscus injury from Hx?

A

Ligament = Immediate swelling, pop sound, chronic instability e.g. angles, squats, stairs
Meniscal = Delayed swelling, locking sensation, instability e.g. side stepping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What can be seen in XR of ACL tear?

A

Segond fracture
Deep sulcus sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is usually injured with PCL injury?

A

Posterolateral Corner injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How to classify tears of knee ligaments?

A

Partial tear = no abnormal movement, but severe pain on attempted abnormal movement
Complete tear = Abnormal movement, but little/no pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Different grades of knee ligament sprain?

A

1 = mildly stretch LIG, can stabilize knee joint
2 = Loose LIG, partial tear
3 = LIG torn into 2, complete tear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

PCL posterior translation extent by sprain grade

A

1 = 0~5mm
2 = 5~10mm
3 = More than 10mm posterior translation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Functions of meniscus?

A

Increase knee stability
Control complex gliding joint movements
Distribute load during movement

17
Q

Why does meniscus not repair well?

A

Most of meniscus is avascular and does not repair

18
Q

ROM in meniscal injury of knee?

A

Stiffness
Full flexion but limited extension
Clicking and locking esp when squatting

19
Q

Characteristic of IT band syndrome?

A

Lateral knee pain. Due to friction of IT band against femoral epicondyle

20
Q

What causes IT band syndrome?

A

Overuse and repetitive flexion and extension of knees

21
Q

What test for IT band syndrome?

A

Ober’s test

22
Q

What is Osteochondral lesion?

Also known as Osteochondritis Dessicans

A

Cartilage disorder on** LATERAL SIDE **of medial fermoral condyle of knee.
Commoner in youths

How to compare with SONK?

23
Q

What is SONK?

Spontaneous Osteonecrosis of Knee

A

On medial side of medial femoral condyle of knee.
Commoner in middle aged and elderly, esp females.
SONK shows **crescent shape on XR. **

24
Q

Unhappy triad for knee injury?

A

MCL tear
Medial meniscus damage
ACL tear

25
Q

How to classify patella dislocation?

patellar dislocation mostly lateral

A

By quadrants according to extent of lateral translation. 1 quarter, half, 3 quadrants etc

26
Q

What is trochanteric bursitis?

A

Common source of lat hip pain caused by repetitive trauma 2! to IT Band tracking over trochanteric bursa
Point tenderness over GT.

27
Q

Differentials for popliteal fossa swelling?

A

Baker’s cyst [popliteal cyst]
Semimembranosus bursitis
Popliteal artery aneurysm
Lipoma, Schwannoma
Saphena varix at saphenofemoral junction

Alw flex joint when palpating!

Tethered to skin? Cross-fluctuant? Pulsatile? Slip sign? Foucher’s sign?

28
Q

What XR view to use in Knee OA?

A

Weight bearing view

Skyline view optional

Ortho (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions