Knee Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is the pes anserine?
A region where tendinous structures of the hamstrings join and medial knee
What is the purpose of the hamstrings?
Moving and stabilizing knee and also if the hamstrings are tight they put stress on the Quads
What is the purpose of the popliteal?
Unlock knees when walking by rotating the tibia during closed chain portion of gait
What is the purpose of the meniscus?
Reduces friction between tibia and femur and serves a shock absorber and lubrication of knee
What are the acute meniscus injury symptoms?
Immediate anterior knee pain or pain increases over 24hrs
Swelling doesn’t occur immediately
Loss of ROM
Knee locks,pops and buckles
What is chronic meniscus injury symptoms?
Poor recollection of knee injury
What objective assessment can be done for meniscus injury?
Gait
If there’s oedema
If there’s tenderness upon palpation of joint line
Knee ROm(can’t fully extend knee )
Squat (difficult to do)
What if patient can squat what should they do to confirm meniscus injury?
Duck waddle (not possible if there’s a bucket handle tear)
What special tests can be done for meniscus injury?
Mccmurry
Thessaly
Appley
What are the the symptoms of ITB syndrome?
Overuse injury
Pain on lateral aespect
Pain with extension and it persists during constant exercise
What are the risk factors of ITB syndrome?
Runners with genu varum
Weak hip abductors
What causes ITB syndrome?
Running on uneven surfaces
Acute milage increase
Shoes causing ankle supination
Cold weather
What special tests can be done to test ITB syndrome?
Noble
Obee
Modified Thomas Test
Observe runners gait
Assess ankle mobility
What causes limitations of the knee?
Damage of fat pads
Meniscus tear
Ligaments sprain
Dislocation of patella
Hemoarthosis
Muscular strain
Hypermobility
What specific questions could you ask?
Was there bruising?
Did you hear a click or pop?
Does your knee lock?
What would you observe if someone has the q angle?
Pelvis drops on opposite side and increases tension on the outside of leg
Hip collapses inwards and rolls under kneecap due to poor function(hip adduction)
Thigh muscles are weak (Mal tracking of knee)
Fat rolls in too much causing shin and knee to collapse in under the knee cap(foot pronation)
What tests can be done on the ligaments?
Abduction,adduction and anterior+posterior drawer test abd lachmans test
What is the Vastus medial oblique?
An important medial dynamic stabilizer of knee
What is patella tracking ?
When the knee is extended and the patella lies in a lateralized position and then when the knee flexes is centers itself back in the trochlear groove
What is the Q angle ?
It’s the quadriceps pull or force and indicates muscle imbalances between the vastus medialis and lateralis
What is the difference between Patellar tendinopathy and PFPS?
With patella tendinopathy, it’s at the inferior patella pole. There’s no effusion except at the inferior patella and with PFPS. The location is non-specific and there’s pain after sitting for an extended time and knee buckles or gives way and there’s also no effusion
What can be the management of PFPS?
Strengthen glute and quad
Stetch quads,hams, and calves
Retrain movement of hip
Taping or bracing
Orthoses
Massage and dry needling
What is the management of Patella tendinopathy?
Strengthen
ET
Decline squats
Soft tissue therapy
Isometric quads Strengthen and Eccentric Strengthen of patella tendon
How to manage fat pad impingement?
Taping in a V shape from Tib tube
