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GROSS ANATOMY > Knee Region > Flashcards

Knee Region Flashcards

1
Q

Largest joint in the Body?

A

Tibiofemoral Joint

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2
Q

What type of joint is the Tibiofemoral jont?

A

Hinge synovial joint

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3
Q

What is the normal ROM of the knee?

A

0-140 deg

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3
Q

T or F
the knee joint has 3 Degrees of Freedom

A

FALSE
The knee joint only has 1 Degree of freedom: Flex & Extend

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3
Q

T or F
the knee joint can’t withstand large amount of forces

A

FALSE
Can withstand large amount of forces

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4
Q

Lateral femoral condyle is oriented more ___ than medial femoral condyle

A

Lateral femoral condyle is oriented more anterior than medial femoral condyle

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4
Q

Landmarks of the Q-angle

A

ASIS, patella, Tibial tubercle

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4
Q

Q-angle
Normal range for male and female?
○ If decreased associated to bow legs
○ If increased associated to knock knees

A

Normal for male: 13°; female: 18°
○ If decreased associated to bow legs
○ If increased associated to knock knees

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5
Q

Q angle
○ If decreased associated with?
○ If increased associated with?

A

Normal for male: 13°; female: 18°
○ If decreased associated to bow legs
○ If increased associated to knock knees

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6
Q

Q-ANGLE/PATELLOFEMORAL ANGLE is also known as?

A

Quadriceps angle

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7
Q

Oblique longitudinal anatomical axis of femur and vertical longitudinal anatomical axis of tibia

A

MEDIAL TIBIOFEMORAL ANGLE

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8
Q

Landmarks for Medial Tibiofemoral angle

A

Landmarks: femoral head
○ bet intercondylar tubercles
○ talar head

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8
Q

Normal range: (M tibiofemoral angle)
★ Creating physiologic valgus: 5 deg
○ Increased ?
○ Decreased ?

A

Normal range:
★ Creating physiologic valgus: 5 deg
○ Increased (>185): Genu valgum/Knock knees
○ Decreased (<175): Genu varum/Bow leg

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8
Q

Articulations of the PATELLOFEMORAL JOINT

A

★ A: patella and femur

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9
Q

What is the largest sesamoid bone in the body?

A

Patella

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9
Q

★ Most incongruent joint in the body

A

PATELLOFEMORAL JOINT

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10
Q

Facets/ridges: (patellafemoral)

A

Facets/ridges:
○ Superior pole, inferior pole
○ Medial and lateral facet
○ Odd facet
■ Extreme medial edge of patella

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11
Q

★ During extension patella goes superiorly into?

A

femoral sulcus

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12
Q

Most common direction of dislocation of patella:

A

Lateral

13
Q

Patellar Loading Activity: (how many times the body wieght?)
Walking
Climbing stairs
Descending stairs
Squatting

A

Walking 0.3x BW
Climbing stairs 2.5x BW
Descending stairs 3.5x BW
Squatting 7x BW

13
Q

Patellar malalignment leading to problems of?

A

patellar tracking

14
Q

★ Encloses patellofemoral and tibiofemoral joints
★ Keeps the joint lubricated
★ Reinforced by other structures(subcrureus)
★ Two layers: Synovial (inner), Fibrous (outer)

A

JOINT CAPSULE

14
Q

Special test for OSTEOCHONDRITIS DISSECANS

A

Wilcon’s test: The test is positive when the patient reports pain in the knee about 30° from full extension and
when by rotating the foot back (externally rotation of the tibia) in it’s normal position the pain disappears.

15
Q

★ Bursa connected to synovial joint capsule
★ Suprapatellar bursa
★ Subpopliteal bursa
★ Gastrocnemius bursa

A

KNEE BURSA

15
Q

What is the affected bursa if the condition is Housemaid’s knee?

A

Housemaid’s knee: prepatellar

15
Q

What is the affected structure if the condition is Vicar’s knee and Clergy’s knee?

A

Vicar’s knee and Clergy’s knee: infrapatellar

16
Q

What is the affected structure if the condition is Baker’s cyst?

A

Baker’s cyst/Popliteal cyst

17
Q

Function of the MENISCI

A

○ Enhance joint congruence
○ Distribute weight-bearing forces
○ Reduces friction
○ Shock absorbers

18
Q

OKC: ER of tibia on the last 30 degrees of knee extension (Norkin)
★ Brunstromm: last 20 degrees Levangie: last 5 degrees
★ Levangie: last 5 degrees
★ Popliteus unlocks the knee
★ Knee ext: OTER-CFIR

A

SCREW HOME MECHANISM/LOCKING OF THE KNEE

18
Q

a softening of the articular cartilage on the posterior surface of the patella which may eventually lead to fibrillation, fissuring, and erosion.

A

Chondromalacia Patella

19
Q

Children; running, jumping, swift changes of direction (soccer, bball)
Clinical assessment: tender tibial tubercle

A

Osgood Schlatter

20
Q
A
20
Q

★ bone underneath the cartilage of a joint dies due to lack of blood flow
★ distal femur, specifically in the lateral aspect of the medial femoral condyle

A

OSTEOCHONDRITIS DISSECANS

20
Q
A
21
Q
A
22
Q
A
23
Q
A
24
Q
A
24
Q
A
24
Q

★ pain on the anterior aspect of the knee associated with
clicking or popping
★ patella and the tibiofemoral joint

A

Patellar plica

24
Q
A
24
Q
A
25
Q
A
25
Q
A
25
Q

Medial and lateral
★ Fibrocartilaginous disc
★ “MCLO”

A

MENISCI

GROSS ANATOMY (12 decks)

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