KQ3:

Question 1

name 3 strategies to protect the carbon cycle

Answer 1

1. Wetland restoration
2. Afforestation
3. Agricultural Techniques
4. Cap and trade
5. International agreements to reduce carbon emissions

Question 2

name 3 management strategies to protect the water cycle

Answer 2

1. forestry
2. water allocations
3. drainage basin plannings

Question 3

Briefly describe the role of wetland restoration

Answer 3

focuses on raising the water table to form water logged conditions, they can be reconnected to rivers by removal of flood embankments

Question 4

give reasons why wetlands are important to the carbon cycle

Answer 4

they occupy 6 to 9% of the lands surface and contain 35% of the terrestrial carbon pool

Question 5

give 3 effects of wetland destruction

Answer 5

1. Loss of biodiversity
2. loss of wildlife habitat
3. release of CO2 & CH4

Question 6

restoration programmes in canvas praise showed that wetlands can store on average…

Answer 6

3.25tonnes C/ha/ year

Question 7

how much ha of land is being converted to wetlands I east Cambridgeshire?

Answer 7

400ha , this project can help UK reach its target of restoring 500ha of land by 2020

Question 8

explain the role of afforestation in protecting the global carbon cycle

Answer 8

sequester carbon dioxide held in the atmosphere, reduces run off and soil erosion.

Question 9

Explain how the UNs REDD scheme aims to curb carbon emissions

Answer 9

incentivises developinh countries to conserve their rainforests by pacing a monetary value on forest conservation. Project examples such as in lower mississippi

Question 10

Outline China’s reforestation scheme

Answer 10

▪︎began in 1978, with the aims to reforesta 400,000 km of land by 2050
▪︎between 200 0 and 2012, 30,000 successfully planted with non native birch
▪︎combats desertification

Question 11

outline the 3 agricultural techniques

Answer 11

1. Land and crop management- e.g. Polyculture, introduce strains for rice adapted to drier conditions with less CH4
2. livestock management- methane inhibitors with feed
3. manure management- capture CH4 from manure to use as energy

Question 12

explain briefly how cap and trade works

Answer 12

International companies are set annual emissions quotas. If they emit less they can get carbon credits which can be sold on the International market. Carbon offsets are awarded to countries and companies for schemes such as afforestation

Question 13

what was the aim of the Paris agreement?

Answer 13

Reduce emissions below 60% of 2010 levels by 2050. And keep global warming below 2 degrees

Question 14

why is the Paris agreement not fair?

Answer 14

1. Countries such as India have yet to develop and still undergoing industrialisation l, essential to raise living standards
2. Europe and North America largely responsible for contemporary global warming and climate change

Question 15

amazon regional protected areas cover

Answer 15

nearly 128 million hectares

Question 16

between 2000 and 2012, deforestation rates have

Answer 16

decreased by 75%

Question 17

how does waste of water occur

Answer 17

evaporation and over irrigation

Question 18

name 3 techniques to minimise water loss

Answer 18

mulching, zero soil disturbance and drip irrigation

Question 19

how to reduce run off

Answer 19

terracing

Question 20

how much of Punjab and Sindh receive water from indus

Answer 20

92%

Question 21

how can drainage basin be planned to reduce run off

Answer 21

afforestation in uplands and reducing artificial drainage whilst extending permeable surfaces