L&D

Question 1

Latent phase of labor

Answer 1

cervix 0-3 cm
contractions irregular, mild-moderate, q5-30 min, duration 30-45 sec
client talkative and excited

Question 2

Active phase

Answer 2

cervix 4-7 cm
contractions regular, moderate-strong
q3-5 min
duration 50-70 sec
client anxious and in pain

Question 3

transitional phase

Answer 3

cervix 8-10 cm
contractions regular, very strong
q2-3 min
duration 45-90 sec
client may have N/V and be irritiable

Question 4

Early decels

Answer 4

shallow, bowl shaped dips that mirror the mother’s contractions

Question 5

Variable decelerations

Answer 5

V dips, very deep

Question 6

Late decelerations

Answer 6

decreased fetal heart rate after contractions with prolonged time before returning to baseline
Fetal heart rate continues to decrease past the end of the contraction

Question 7

indomethacin

Answer 7

tocolytic for preterm labor
gestational age less than 32 weeks
give with food

Question 8

presumptive signs of pregnancy

Answer 8

subjective signs/symptoms
Amenorrhea
fatigue
N/V
urinary frequency
breast changes: darkened areola, enlarged montgomery’s tubules
quickening: felt between 16-20 weeks gestation

Question 9

Probable signs of pregnancy

Answer 9

objective signs
cervical changes
Hegar’s sign: softening and compressibility of lower uterus
Chadwick’s sign: deepened violet-blueish color of vaginal mucosa
Goodell’s sign: softening of cervical tip
Ballottememnt: rebound of unengaged fetus
Braxton Hicks contractions
Positive pregnancy test

Question 10

Positive signs of pregnancy

Answer 10

signs related to the presence of fetus
Visualization of fetus by ultrasound
Fetal movement palpated by experienced examiner

Question 11

naegels rule

Answer 11

subtracting 3 months and adding 7 days and 1 year to the first day of the client’s last menstrual period