L1 Flashcards
(102 cards)
1
Q
Levels of org in the body:
- cellular
- tissue
- organ
- system
- organism
A
chemical
2
Q
Levels of org in the body:
- chemical
- tissue
- organ
- system
- organism
A
cellular
3
Q
Levels of org in the body:
- chemical
- cellular
- organ
- system
- organism
A
tissue
4
Q
Levels of org in the body:
- chemical
- cellular
- tissue
- system
- organism
A
organ
5
Q
Levels of org in the body:
- chemical
- cellular
- tissue
- organ
- organism
A
system
6
Q
Levels of org in the body: 1. chemical 2. cellular 3. tissue 4. organ 5. system 6.
A
organism
7
Q
Life begins at the…
A
chemical level
8
Q
There are … of cells in the body
A
billions
9
Q
There are _ different types of cells in the human body, composing 4 classes.
A
200+
10
Q
The four different types of cell/classes in the human body are: _ muscle epithelial connective
A
neurons
11
Q
There are 200+ different types of cells in the human body, composing _ classes.
A
4
12
Q
There are 200+ different types of _ in the human body, composing 4 classes.
A
cells
13
Q
The four different types of cell/classes in the human body are: neurons
_
epithelial
connective
A
MUSCLE
14
Q
The four different types of cell/classes in the human body are: neurons
muscle
_
connective
A
epithelial
15
Q
The four different types of cell/classes in the human body are: neurons
muscle
epithelial
_
A
connective
16
Q
Different types of cells are also known as…
A
classes
17
Q
When similar cells come together to form a specific function, they become…
A
tissues
18
Q
The four main cellular types become the four main…
A
tissue types
19
Q
The organ level requires 2+ different types of _ to come together to form a specific function.
A
tissues
20
Q
The organ level requires _ different types of tissues to come together to form a specific function.
A
2+
21
Q
The stomach is made of _, smooth muscle, and connective tissues.
A
epithelial
22
Q
The stomach is made of epithelial, _, and connective tissues.
A
smooth muscle
23
Q
The stomach is made of epithelial, smooth muscle, and _ tissues.
A
connective
24
Q
A system is composed of several _ that work together to perform a certain function.
A
organs
25
What creates the homeostasis effect in the human body is the building effect of _ on systems that support the function of the organism.
organs
26
What creates the homeostasis effect in the human body is the building effect of organs on _ that support the function of the organism.
systems
27
The digestive system's main goal is to...
provide the body with nutrients.
28
Mastication is the...
breaking down of food in your mouth towards your stomach.
29
The breaking down of food into digestive enzymes is the role of the...
stomach
30
Once food is broken down into enzymes in the stomach, they travel to the _ and _.
small and large intestines
31
The food and food products following the stomach are facilitated by the _, pancreas, and gallbladder.
liver
32
The food and food products following the stomach are facilitated by the liver,_, and gallbladder.
pancreas
33
The food and food products following the stomach are facilitated by the liver, pancreas, and _.
gallbladder
34
```
The six life processes are:
_
responsiveness
movement
growth
differentiation
reproduction
```
metabolism
35
_ _ are functions that distinguish living entities from non-living entities.
Life processes
36
```
The six life processes are:
metabolism
_
movement
growth
differentiation
reproduction
```
responsiveness
37
```
The six life processes are:
metabolism
responsiveness
_
growth
differentiation
reproduction
```
movement
38
```
The six life processes are:
metabolism
responsiveness
movement
_
differentiation
reproduction
```
growth
39
```
The six life processes are:
metabolism
responsiveness
movement
growth
_
reproduction
```
differentiation
40
```
The six life processes are:
metabolism
responsiveness
movement
growth
differentiation
_
```
reproduction
41
_ is the sum of all chemical reactions in the cells of the body.
Metabolism
42
Metabolism can be broken into two processes:
catabolism
_
anabolism
43
Metabolism can be broken into two processes:
catabolism
_
anabolism
44
When you break down complex substances, you liberate _
energy
45
When you build complex substances from simple substances you _ energy
utilize
46
The breakdown of complex chemical substances into simpler components is ...
catabolism
47
The formation of complex chemical substances from smaller, simpler components is
anabolism
48
When you breakdown substances from more complex into more simple, you _ energy.
liberate
49
The energy liberated (in anabolism) is in the form of...
ATP - adenosine triphosphate
50
ATP is short for...
adenosine triphosphate
51
Adenosine triphosphate a the product of a process known as...
anabolism
52
Responsiveness is a type of _ mechanism, to ensure homeostasis.
protective
53
_ is a type of protective mechanism, to ensure homeostasis.
Responsiveness
54
Motion is a life process that occurs in the whole body, individual organs, and single cells only.
No, it includes even tiny structures inside cells
55
Movement of the body is often related to other _.
movement
56
An increase in body size results from an increase in size of existing cells only.
No, it includes the increase in size of existing cells, an increase int he number of cells, or both
57
An increase of size in the bones is indicative of increase in cell _
number
58
An increase of size in the lungs is indicative of increase in cell _
size
59
An example of rapid cell growth is...
cancer
60
What is development of a cell from an unspecialized to a specialized state?
differentiation
61
Each type of cell in he body has a specialized _ and _ that differs from that of its precursor cells
structure and function
62
Each type of cell in he body has a specialized structure and function that differs from that of its precursor _
cells
63
Precursor cells that undergo differentiation are known as _ cells
stem
64
Precursor cells that undergo _ are known as stem cells
DIFFERENTIATION
65
_ cells that undergo differentiation are known as stem cells
Precursor
66
Life processes that are the formation of new cells for growth, repair or replacement, or the production of a new individual, is...
reproduction
67
the maintenance of relatively stable conditions in the body's internal environment, despite changes to the external environment.
homeostasis
68
Homeostasis is the maintenance of relatively stable conditions in the body's _environment, despite changes to the external environment.
internal
69
Homeostasis is the maintenance of relatively stable conditions in the body's internal environment, despite changes to the _ environment.
external
70
Homeostasis is the maintenance of relatively stable conditions in the body's internal environment, despite _ to the external environment.
changes
71
Homeostasis is maintained by the processes that _and regulate the body.
control
72
Homeostasis is maintained by the processes that control and _ the body.
regulate
73
T/F: Homeostasis is static.
No! It's dynamic
74
```
_ can be regulated at the following levels:
chemical
cellular
tissue
organ
system
organism
```
homeostasis
75
The body is divided into _
compartments
76
The body's functional compartments contain _, separated by membranes
fluids
77
The body's functional compartments contain fluids, separated by _
membranes
78
Humans are composed of 40% _, and 60% fluids
solids
79
Humans are composed of 40% solids, and 60% _
fluids
80
Of the fluid i our bodies, _ are within cells bounded by membranes
2/3
81
_ _ are the processes by which the body releases fluids into the external environment
fluid shifts
82
The third of the fluid in one's body is _ fluid
extracellular (ECF)
83
2/3 of the fluid in the body is composed of
intracellular (ICF)
84
Of the fluid that bathes the cells (_fluid), 75% of it is interstitial fluid, and 25% is plasma
extracellular
85
Of the fluid that bathes the cells (extracellular fluid), _% of it is interstitial fluid, and _% is plasma
75; 25
86
Of the fluid that bathes the cells (extracellular fluid), 75% of it is _, and 25% is plasma
interstitial fluid
87
Of the fluid that bathes the cells (extracellular fluid), 75% of it is interstitial fluid, and 25% is _
plasma
88
_ is the fluid compartment of the blood, i.e., the fluid outside the red blood cell.
Plasma is the fluid compartment of the blood, i.e., the fluid outside the red blood cell.
89
Between the red blood cells is the _ fluid, and what is inside the red blood cells are intracellular fluid
interstitial
90
Plasma is the fluid compartment of the blood, i.e., the fluid _ the red blood cell.
outside
91
Between the red blood cells is the interstitial fluid, and what is inside the red blood cells are _fluid
intracellular fluid
92
Homeostasis is the exchange between internal and external environments, for which they are isolated from each other.
No, homeostasis can involved processes that cross the divided between the internal and external environment, such as oxygen from the air
93
An _ cell is an example of a/n epithelial cell
endothelial
94
An endothelial cell is an example of a/n _cell
epithelial
95
Oxygen needs to cross the _ cell member, move into the interstitial fluid, and cross the cell membrane to get into the cell
endothelial
96
Oxygen needs to cross the endothelial cell member, move into the _ fluid, and cross the cell membrane to get into the cell
interstitial
97
To get blood to the surface effective (e.g., to cool off), it is best for the cardiovascular system to...
increase the heart rate to move it more quickly
98
To cool off, your respiratory system would...
increase
99
To cool off, your integumentary system would...
start sweating, causing dehydration
100
To cool off, you lose water, causing your brain to...
seek water to cool off an d rehydrate, and your muscle activity decreases
101
The respiratory system serves to...
exchange gases throughout the body
102
When in doubt in the quiz, refer to...
homeostasis
