L1: Intro Flashcards
(10 cards)
1
Q
What did Kinsey et al say highlighting the issue of using simple categories in experiments?
A
The living world is a continuum in each and every one of its aspects
2
Q
What is the Kinsey Scale?
A
developed to gather data about gender
- supposed to be more inclusive and not just binary
0 = exclusively heterosexual X = no socio-sexual contacts 4 = predominantly homosexual, but more incidentally heterosexual
- scale varies in extremity of statements
3
Q
What makes good science?
A
- Validity
- Reliability
- Reproducibility
- Scientific method
4
Q
What is validity?
A
- Are we measuring what we think we are measuring?
- Fundamental distinction between a construct + its measurement
eg: academic ability vs marks earned - only have access to the measurement vs construct
5
Q
What is reliability?
A
Do we get consistent/ reproducible results using this measurement?
6
Q
Describe the scientific method
A
- make an observation/ propose a theory
- create a disproval hypothesis
- design a test of the hypothesis + predict what will happen
- run the test and obtain data
- interpret the data
- reach a conclusion + generate more hypotheses
7
Q
What is the replication crisis?
A
Where findings from famous, well-known studies do not replicate
- power posing
- smiling = happier
- ego depletion
8
Q
What are some reasons for the replication crisis?
A
- poor understanding of methods and statistics
- pressure to publish novel and exciting results
- poor research design
- Consistent use of WEIRD
9
Q
What does WEIRD stand for?
A
White, educated, industrialised, rich and democratic countries
- a contributor of the replication crisis
10
Q
What are some potential solution to tackle the replication crisis?
A
- design thoughtful, through well-researched, meaningful experiments
- pre-register
- report + publish all results
- Make data and analyses openly available
- by writing clear, helpful R scripts
