L1 Introduction Flashcards
Basic background info about eukaryotic cells
Mitochondria are thought to have originally been free living organisms. This is an example of…
Endosymbiosis (they are endosymbionts)
SSU rRNA is a common marker used for genetic analysis. It stands for…
Small Subunit ribosomal RiboNucleic Acid
Homology refers to…
The same organ under every variety of form and function
The Archezoa hypothesis states that…
Cells contain end-membranes of both endogenous (e.g. nucleus) and exogenous (e.g. plastid via phagositosis) origins
Plasma membranes functions (4)
- Barrier
- Communication w/ environment and other cells
- Regulating passage of molecules in & out of the cell
- Cell growth, shape change, movement & division
Cells integrate genotypic and environmental cues…
To generate phenotypes
Phospholipid membrane composition varies by…
Function and location
Membrane fluidity is influenced by two factors…
Temperature and lipid composition
The phospholipid bilayer is comprised of three main components…
- Phospholipids
- Cholesterol (can be between phospholipids)
- Glycolipids (on the apical side of the cell only)
Membrane proteins can function as (4) …
- Transporters
- Linkers
- Receptors
- Enzymes
Membrane proteins can be positioned as (3) …
- Integral to membrane
- Lipid attached
- Peripheral, membrane associate
Like lipids, membrane proteins are…
Amphiphilic (possessing both hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts)
Glycoproteins and glycolipids make up the…
Glycocalyx (or ‘cell coat’)
The glycocalyx functions to protect the cell against physical, chemical and biological damage. It also plays a role in (3)…
Cell adhesion, recognition (cell specific glycosylation patterns) and storage (can bind and release growth factors)
3 major types of protein transport with the cell…
- Gated
- Transmembrane
- Vesicular
transport
