L12: disorders related to aging Flashcards
(98 cards)
most common psych disorder in aging adults?
anxiety, then depression.
about 1/10 adults over 55yoa has diagnosable anxiety disorder
gender + anxiety disorder?
older women more likely affected than older men
2:1
most frequently occurring anxiety disorders in older adults?
generalized anxiety, phobic disorder
panic disorder is rare
agoraphobia in older adults?
recent origin + may involve loss of social support systems
depression + aging
- risk?
- prevalence?
- risk declines with age. many older adults encounter serious periods of depression.
- 8-20% experience some symptoms; 3% suffer from major depression
sleep problems + aging
- prevalence compared to depression?
- physiology?
insomnia more prevalent than depression.
- sleep problems reflect age-related changes in sleep physiology (sleep apnea, wake up earlier)
- may be feature of psych disorder or psychosocial issues/changes
previous DSM definition of neurocognitive disorder?
cog disorder are organic mental disorders.
organic = brain damage/dysfunction
all disorders have this feature..
primary deficit in neurocog disorder?
deficit in cog functioning.
- acquired, decline from previous function
what is dementia?
aka major neurocognitive disorder
what is delirium?
“from” “line” = straying from the line/norm in percpetion, cognition, behaviour
essential feature of delirium?
disturbance of attention, awareness that is accompanied by change in baseline cognition that cannot be explained by pre-existing, evolving neurocog disorder
delirium + disturbance in attention = reduced ability to?
direct, focus, sustain + shift attention.
= repeat Q, gets off topic + perseverates, easily distracted, reduced orientation to enviro
delirium development?
short (hours to days) m fluctuate over course of day + worsen in evening when orienting stimuli decrease
why does delirium happen?
physiological consequence of underlying medical condition, substance intox/withdrawal, medication, toxin exposure, combo.
accompanying changes in delirium?
memory + learning, disorientation, alteration in language, perceptual distortion, perceptual-motor distrubance
perceptual disturbances accompanying delirium include ?
illusions (misperceive object stimuli)
hallucinations (no objective stimulus)
delirium continuum?
normal -> delirium -> coma (lack of any response to external stimuli)
delirium + sleep-wake cycle?
distrubed s-w cycle
emotional disturbances in delirium?
- anxiety, fear, depression, irritability, anger, euphoria, apathy
- rapid, unpredictable shifts
prevalence of delirium?
highest among hospitalized older individuals.
- varies depending on characteristics, setting of care, sensitivit of detection method
- overall low prevalence:1-2%.
increases with age.
treatment/intervention of delirium?
- often have spontaneous recovery with or without treatment
- early recognition + intervention is helpful
- may progress if untreated = high mortality
risk factors for delirium?
functional impairment immobility history of falls low levels of activity use of drugs/meds with psychoactive properties
delirium in youth?
- assoc with high fever
- more in infant/early childhood than in middle childhood.
what is delirium tremens?
in chronic alcoholics that stop abruptly.
- terrorizing hallucinations from with drawal.
- treat with hospital, milkd tranquilizers + enviro support