L15 Learning Flashcards
What are the steps to adhere to when thinking about learning behaviour?
Interpretation - start simple, Consider past experience, Avoid anthropomorphism, Watch out for confounding factors
What are taxes?
Innate response to a stimulus, directional
What makes a behaviour Genetic?
Species specific, predictable, inflexible, constant timing, fixed action patterns
What is non associative learning?
Habituation and sensitisation
What is habituation?
Repeated exposure, decreases response
What is sensitisation?
Repeated exposure, increases response
What are types of associative learning?
Classical conditioning and operant conditioning
What is classical conditioning?
Organism pairs two external stimuli, and responds to previously uninteresting stimuli because of this. one stimulus predicts the other e.g. pavlova dog
What is operant conditioning?
Instructional/trial and error learning, animals learn the consequences of its own actions and a S-R bond is formed
What are the types of operant conditions that increases the likelihood of a response?
Positive reinforcement - rewarding for correct behaviour
Negative reinforcement - action done to avoid punishment
What are the types of operant conditions that decrease the likelihood of a response?
Punishment - leans not to do behaviour
Extinction - behaviour gets no response
What is observational learning?
Animal can learn from conspecific or another by watching
What are the four types of observational learning?
Facilitation, Enhancement, Imitation, Emulation
What Is facilitation?
Precence of conspecifics increases motivation
What is enhancement?
Presence of conspecifics draws attention to object or stimuli
