L16: Behaviour, language & learning

Question 1

WERNICKE’S area

Answer 1

language COMPREHENSION

Question 2

BROCA’S area

Answer 2

language PRODUCTION → motor movement

Question 3

Damage to wernicke’s

Answer 3

fluent aphasia
- can speak fluently, but doesn’t make sense
- harder to understand spoken or written language

Question 4

damage to broca’s

Answer 4

expressive/non-fluent aphasia
- can understand language
- motor issue: hard to have trouble performing the oral and breathing movements necessary to make recognisable sounds

Question 5

types of declarative memory

Answer 5

• episodic: for particular events, e.g. breakfast
• semantic: for a fact, e.g. capital of nz

Question 6

Damage to hippocampus/amygdala

Answer 6

= inability to form new memories, ≠ loss of long term stored memory
= procedural memory still intact

Question 7

retrograde vs anterograde amnesia

Answer 7

retrograde: loss of memories before incident
anterograde: can’t store new memories, inability to consolidate

Question 8

early phase LTP

Answer 8

glutamate main excitatory, acts on NMDA receptors → Ca2+ influx → kinases → phosphorylate AMPAR receptors → inserted into membrane → glutamate release activates more receptors → larger EPSP

Question 9

late phase LTP

Answer 9

• Requires transcription and protein synthesis
• phosphorylation leads to production of more AMPA receptors
• also synapse made larger = more space for receptor