L2

Question 1

Barbinski’s reflex (+ve)

Answer 1

Big toe dorsiflexes, other toe fan out
Indicate upper motor neuron reflex

Question 2

Ischemic stroke

Answer 2

Blockage of cerebral blood vessels, causing numbness, especially on one side

Question 3

Haemorrhage stroke

Answer 3

Burst of cerebral blood vessels, causing exploding headache and decreased of LOC

Question 4

Diagnostic test for haemorrhage caused by stroke

Answer 4

Non-contrast MRI or CT scan of brain

Question 5

Doppler ultrasound

Answer 5

To evaluate blood flow through the artery

Question 6

Lumbar puncture

Answer 6

If subarachnoid haemorrhage is suspected, and CT scan for blood is -ve

Question 7

Cerebral angiogram

Answer 7

Invasive procedure to view blood vessels structural abnormalities

Question 8

Treatments given to non-haemorrhage stroke patient

Answer 8

1) Fibrinolytic therapy (dissolve blood clot):
- within 3 hours of onset of symptoms
- x use of anticoagulants or antiplatelet within 24 hours
2) Endovascular mechanical thrombectomy (surgical removal of blood clot):
- within 6 hours

Question 9

Medication given fibrinolytic therapy and Endovascular mechanical thrombectomy is not applicable

Answer 9

Aspirin

Question 10

Decorticate posturing (M3: abnormal flexion)

Answer 10

Upper extremities adduction: arms bend at elbow, arm flex towards the trunk
Feet are plantar flexed (point away from the leg)
—> signal damage to the basal ganglia of the brain

Question 11

Decerebrate posture (M2: extension to pain)

Answer 11

Arm extend, pronation (downward and inward) of forearm
Extension of leg, Feet are plantar flexed