L2: Immune Response In Chickens (Romero) Flashcards Preview

Poultry Medicine (Fall 2016) > L2: Immune Response In Chickens (Romero) > Flashcards

Flashcards in L2: Immune Response In Chickens (Romero) Deck (23)
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1
Q

See page 1-2 diagrams

A

Poultry have local immunity in the head, respiratory tract, repro tract, and digestive tract. They also have cell-mediated and humoral immunity.

2
Q

3 main goals of vaccination

A

Resistance to infection
Reduction of shedding
Clinical protection

3
Q

Factors that affect poultry response to vaccination

A
  • Age
  • Parental immunity
  • Nutrition
  • Parasitism
  • sanitation
4
Q

Should always “prime” with live-virus vaccines and “boost” with inactivated-virus vaccine 2-3 weeks before onset of production***

A

:)

5
Q

Newcastle dz - Infectious Bronchitis (ND-IB) combined vaccine protects for how long?

A

3 months

6
Q

When should you vaccinate for LT?

A

Only if hx of disease. Vaccine can halt outbreak

7
Q

When should you test for AE immunity?

A

In embryos

8
Q

Should FP vaccinated baby chicks be revaccinated?

A

Yes

9
Q

When should sick birds be vaccinated?

A

Only if they have FP or LT

10
Q

Types of vax used by poultry industry

A
In water
Spray
Eye drop
Wing web
Parenteral (IM or SC)
In ovo (at 18 days of embryonation in amniotic cavity)
11
Q

Which vaccine can be “zoonotic”?

A

Live NCD vaccine can cause conjunctivitis in humans if eye is accidentally infected; may cause anaphylactic (type I hypersensitivity) rxn

12
Q

Tips for vax via drinking water

A
  • use COLD, contaminant-free water
  • don’t vax sick birds
  • hold water 1-2 hours before vaccination
  • very economical; mass vaccination without stress
  • add skim milk powder to the water
13
Q

Tips for spray vaccination of poultry

A
  • particle size must not be too small or will go into low resp. Tract
  • handle live vax rapidly (inactivated by heat)
14
Q

Tips for wing-web vax

A
  • only use for potentially aggressive vaccines (avian encephalomyelitis, avian pox, fowl cholera)
  • must not be introduced into bone, muscle, or blood
15
Q

Administration of inactivated vaccines and bacterins

A

IM or SC

  • requires individual bird handling
  • best for birds primed with live vaccines
  • can cause swelling at injection site in humans
16
Q

Which diseases does maternal immunity give STRONG protection against?

A

Gumboro disease (IBD)
NCD
Reovirus infection
Encephalomyelitis

17
Q

Which diseases does maternal immunity give POOR protection against?

A

Infectious bronchitis
Laryngotracheitis
Fowl pox

18
Q

Which diseases does maternal immunity give NO protection against?

A

Mycoplasmosis

19
Q

Fowl Pox vaccination guidelines (for broilers)

A
  • use when FPV challenge is high (heavily infested with blood sucking insects)
  • only need one vaccine in adult birds
  • if also vax for Marek’s dz simultaneously, may result in poor Marek’s immunity. Should use FP vaccination for day old chicks in this case.
20
Q

ILT vax guidelines (for layer/breeders)

A
  • 2 vaccines usually needed (1st in eye or water at 10 days, then again at least 4 wks before onset of egg production)
  • can vaccinate during clinical outbreak**
  • eye vax preferred
21
Q

Precautions when vaccinating against ILT

A
  • ILT vax in spray or drinking water may cause postvaccination rxns
  • don’t vaccinate birds infected with mycoplasma or other resp. Agent
  • hold other live virus vaccination for 10 days
  • can cause latency and shed (usually regulated)*
22
Q

Multivalent vector vaccine inserts 2 pathogen antigens into one vector

A

:)

23
Q

Today, IBD, ND, and MD are all protected for in one hatchery administration of vaccine!

A

:)