L2 : Page 27-42

Question 1

2 kinds of photophosphorylation

Answer 1

Cyclic and non-cyclic ph”””

Question 2

If photophosphorylation is on plants, what do u call to the animal ones

Answer 2

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 3

What is the electron donor and acceptor of oxidative phosphorylation? which forms ____ on the end and is part on electron transport chain

Answer 3

Electron donor : NADPH
Acceptor : Oxygen

Forms water

Question 4

If knina is ung sa oxidation phosphorylation, what abt the electron donor and acceptor of photophosphorylation

Answer 4

Vice versa

Question 5

is found in chloroplasts which mediates electron transfer and contains an iron- sulfur cluster.

Answer 5

Ferredoxin - Ferredoxin (Fd)

Question 6

Ferredoxin - Ferredoxin (Fd) contains?

Answer 6

iron- sulfur cluster

Question 7

It is involved in the photosynthesis process where its iron atoms accept or discharge electrons when they are being oxidized or reduced

Answer 7

Ferredoxin - Ferredoxin (Fd)

Question 8

is a 10 kD blue copper protein which is located in the lumen of the thylakoid where it functions as a mobile electron carrier shuttling electrons from Cytochrome b6f to P700 in Photosystem I.

Answer 8

Plastocyanin

Question 9

Plastocyanin is a _______ which is located in the lumen of the thylakoid where it functions as a mobile electron carrier shuttling electrons from Cytochrome b6f to P700 in Photosystem I.

Answer 9

10 kD blue copper protein

Question 10

are two important prenylquinones functioning as electron transporters in plants.

Answer 10

Plastoquinone (PQ) and ubiquinone (UQ)

Question 11

They are involved in photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation located in chloroplast thylakoids and mitochondrial inner membrane, respectively.

Answer 11

Plastoquinone (PQ) and ubiquinone (UQ)

Question 12

The _____ provides the electronic connection between the photosystem I and photosystem II reaction centers of oxygenic photosynthesis and generates a transmembrane electrochemical proton gradient for adenosine triphosphate synthesis.

Answer 12

cytochrome b6f complex

Question 13

generates a transmembrane electrochemical proton gradient for adenosine triphosphate synthesis.

Answer 13

cytochrome b6f complex

Question 14

The cytochrome b6f complex provides the electronic connection between the photosystem I and photosystem II reaction centers of oxygenic photosynthesis and generates a _________________ for adenosine triphosphate synthesis.

Answer 14

transmembrane electrochemical proton gradient

Question 15

___ is the last enzyme in the transfer of electrons during photosynthesis from photosystem I to NADPH. The NADPH is then used as a reducing equivalent in the reactions of the Calvin cycle

Answer 15

NADP+ reductase

Question 16

used as a reducing equivalent in the reactions of the Calvin cycle

Answer 16

NADPH

Question 17

After the energy from the sun is converted and packaged into (2)_________, the cell has the fuel needed to build food in the form of _______

Answer 17

ATP and NADPH.

carbohydrate molecules

Question 18

The carbohydrate molecules made will have a backbone of _____. Where does the carbon come from? The carbon atoms used to build carbohydrate molecules comes from _______, the gas that animals exhale with each breath

Answer 18

carbon atoms
carbon dioxide

Question 19

The ____ is the term used for the reactions of photosynthesis that use the energy stored by the light-dependent reactions to form glucose and other carbohydrate molecules.

Answer 19

Calvin cycle

Question 20

In plants, carbon dioxide (CO2) enters the chloroplast through the _____ and diffuses into the ____ of the chloroplast-the site of the Calvin cycle reactions where sugar is synthesized. The reactions are named after the scientist who discovered them, and reference the fact that the reactions function as a cycle. Others call it the _______ to include the name of another scientist involved in its discovery

Answer 20

stomata. stroma

Calvin-Benson cycle

Question 21

site of the Calvin cycle reactions where sugar is synthesized.

Answer 21

Stroma

Question 22

The Calvin cycle is a part of _____, the process plants and other autotrophs use to create nutrients from sunlight and carbon dioxide. The process was first identified by __________ in ____
1957.

Answer 22

photosynthesis.
U.S. biochemist Dr. Melvin Calvin.

Question 23

The Calvin cycle reactions can be organized into three basic stages:

Answer 23

fixation, reduction, and regeneration

Question 24

In the stroma, in addition to CO2, two other chemicals are present to initiate the Calvin cycle:

Answer 24

an enzyme abbreviated RuBisCO, and the molecule ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP).

Question 25

has five atoms of carbon and a phosphate group on each end.

Answer 25

RuBP

Question 26

____ catalyzes a reaction between CO2 and RuBP, which forms a six-carbon compound (what is that 6 carbon compound?) that is immediately converted into ________-what do u call to that one?

Answer 26

RuBisCO. 6CO2 (6-6) two three-carbon compounds 3-phosphoglycerate or 3-PGA (12-3)

Question 27

In the stroma, in addition to CO2, two other chemicals are present to initiate the Calvin cycle: an enzyme abbreviated RuBisCO, and the molecule ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP). RuBP has five atoms of carbon and a phosphate group on each end. RuBisCO catalyzes a reaction between CO2 and RuBP, which forms a six- carbon compound that is immediately converted into two three-carbon compounds. This process is called _____, because CO2 is "____" from its inorganic form into organic molecules.

Answer 27

carbon fixation, fixed

Question 28

ATP and NADPH use their stored energy to convert the three-carbon compound, 3- PGA, into another three-carbon compound called G3P. This type of reaction is called a ______, because it involves the gain of electrons. A _____ is the gain of an electron by an atom or molecule

Answer 28

reduction reaction. reduction

Question 29

ATP and NADPH use their stored energy to convert the three-carbon compound, 3- PGA, into another three-carbon compound called ___(acronym and full name)

Answer 29

G3P or Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate

Question 30

The molecules of ADP and NAD+, resulting from the reduction reaction, return to the ____ to be re- energized.

Answer 30

light-dependent reactions

Question 31

One of the G3P molecules leaves the Calvin cycle to contribute to the formation of the ______, which is commonly ______. Because the carbohydrate molecule has ________, it takes ____ turns of the Calvin cycle to make one carbohydrate molecule (one for each carbon dioxide molecule fixed)

Answer 31

carbohydrate molecule, glucose (C6H1206). six carbon atoms, six. 2 G3P nilalabas bale one carbon na yon. 6 total from each 3 carbon sa G3P