L20: Clinical aspects of stroke Flashcards
(35 cards)
stroke=
a sudden focal neurological deficit due to a vascular lesion lasting longer than 24hrs
Transient ischaemic attack (TIA)=
a focal deficit lasting a few seconds to 24 hours, there is complete clinical recovery
percentage of people with left hemisphere dominance
96%
which lobe is broca’s area in
frontal lobe
prefrontal areas=
personality
initiative
4 things happening in the frontal lobe
- contralateral movements
- broca’s area
- prefrontal area (personality/ initiative)
- cortical inhibition of bladder and bowels
3 things in parietal lobe
- sensory cortex
- wernicke’s area
- visual pathways
in the dominant parietal lobe=
handling numbers, calculations
in the non dominant parietal lobe=
concept of body image and awareness of external environment
5 things in the temporal lobe
- auditory cortex
- learning and memory
- olfactory sensation
- emotional behaviour
- visual pathways
occipital lobe function
visual cortex
what blood supply is there to the brainstem
vertebrobasilar territory
cause of 80% of strokes =
ischaemic
cause of 20% of strokes=
Haemorrhagic
3 causes of an ischaemic stroke
- narrowed arteries
- cardiac source of embolism
- intracranial small vessel disease
what is a haemorrhage
artery that pops and ruptures blood into the brain
2 type of brain haemorrhage
parenchymal or subarachnoid
what is a perforating vessel stroke called
lacunar infarction
what protein is responsible for weakening of blood vessels
Amyloid angiopathy
what does one side of middle cerebral artery being blocked cause (5)
- contralateral hemiplegia
- homonymous hemianopia
- deterioration in consciousness
- gaze palsy
- global aphasia (dominant hemisphere)
what is hemiplegia
paralysis of half of the body
what is homonymous hemianopia
loss of half of the field of vision on both eyes on the same side
what is gaze palsy
eyes deviation to the side of the lesion
dominant hemisphere effect of MCA stroke
- aphasia
- acalculia (loss of calculations)
- agraphia
