L20 from "planet Dora" to the moon

Question 1

Hermann Oberth (1894-1989)

Answer 1

• 1922 PhD thesis “By rocket into Planetary Space” - failed to defense - too modern - after the fascinating development of German technology - he gained supported and had students

Question 2

Wernher von Braun (1912-1977)

Answer 2

SS officer - the worst part of Nazi

Question 3

First (solid-fuel) rockets

Answer 3

China 13th century AD

Question 4

Konstantin Ciołkowski (1857-1935) -

Answer 4

1903 space travel “Explotion of Cosmic Space by Means of Reaciton
Devices” - multistage rockets - liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen - space station

Question 5

Robert Goddard (1882-1945)

Answer 5

1919 “Method die Reaching Extreme Altitudes” - mathematical theory -
moon

Question 6

12 large rockets for Hitler (A1-A12)

Answer 6

A10 1940 intercontinental ballistic missile - never went to production - failed during test
A12 spacecraft - 1969 Saturn rocket moon - not supported by Nazi - never built - too expensive
1942 first object in space A4 (V2) rocket - unstoppable - (4 times speed of sound) 5200 km/h - brilliant control system - push button remote warfare reality - completely changed warfare

Question 7

Mittelwerk factory

Answer 7

“technological marvel”, “Aladdin’s cave”

Question 8

cost of Mittelwerk factory

Answer 8

Each rocket cost c. 6 lives from prisoners keep the whole project as a secret - Mittelwerk and Dora concentration camp - Himmler + von Braun

Question 9

Braun became head of NASA

Answer 9

Braun’s past erased, photos, documents destroyed/hidden by US

Question 10

start of the ‘space race’ - but not capable for the
space fly

Answer 10

USSR captured V-2s and scientists “Vostok” (R7) rocket

Question 11

Russian put the first missiles into the space

Answer 11

Sputnik 1, nuclear ballistic missiles

Question 12

Vostok 1

Answer 12

first human Yuri Gagarin

Question 13

Valentina Tereshkova

Answer 13

first woman in space - “women can do whatever they want in the east,
compare they are only house wife in the west.”

Question 14

Venera 3

Answer 14

• first to reach another planet (Venus)

Question 15

Zond 5

Answer 15

first to orbit the Moon and return to earth

Question 16

Apollo 11

Answer 16

Neil Armstrong, Braun’s rocket

Question 17

1979 first Columbia - Space shuttle

Answer 17

lower costs of operation, reusable craft, and could be used for new
weapon system, telescope, so on so for

Question 18

Russian Buran & American space rocket

Answer 18

they are identical and both copied from Germany

Question 19

Cold War - East Versus West

Answer 19

Quest for Technological Supremacy - secret - no original document