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Anatomy Block 3 > L21 Thoracic Wall 1 > Flashcards

L21 Thoracic Wall 1 Flashcards

(78 cards)

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1
Q

thorax cavity contains

A

mediastinum and left and right pulmonary cavities

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2
Q

where is the superior thoracic aperture

A

T1, 1st ribs and manubrium

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3
Q

the superior thoracic aperture Transmits the ____

A

trachea, esophagus,
nerves (phrenic, vagus,
sympathetic trunk), major vessels

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4
Q

Thoracic outlet syndrome

A

neurovascular supply to upper extremity is compromised by
crowding of the superior aperture

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5
Q

what is the inferior thoracic aperture

A

aorta, esophagus, and inferior vena cava pass through abdominal diaphragm

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6
Q

function of the thoracic wall

A

protect viscera

framework for respiration

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7
Q

point out the thoracic vertebrae, sternum, ribs, and costal cartilages

A
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8
Q

jugular notch is where

A

indentation between clavicular heads just superior to the sternum

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9
Q

epigastric fossa is where

A

slight indentation over the inferior end of the sternum

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10
Q

subcostal (infrasternal) angle

A

angle formed by the inferior edge of the ribcage at the epigastric fossa

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11
Q

sternal angle

A

palpable change in slope of the sternum

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12
Q

midsternal line

A

anterior midline dernarcation

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13
Q

midclavicular line

A

line running parallel to the midsternal line but through the mid-point of the clavicle

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14
Q

axillary fossa

A

lateral body wall depression inferior to the shoulder joint

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15
Q

midaxillary line

A

through the middle of the axilla

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16
Q

anterior axillary line

A

along the lateral margin of pectoralis major

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17
Q

posterior axillary line

A

along the margin of latissius dorsi

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18
Q

lateral cutaneous branch emerges and innervates

A

emerges at midaxillary line and innervates most of dermatome

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19
Q

anterior cutaneous branch emerges and innervates

A

emerges lateral to sternum and innervates most medial part of dermatome

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20
Q

what landmark tells us T2

A

axilla

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21
Q

what landmark tells us T4 dermatome

A

nipple

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22
Q

what landmark tells us T10 dermatome

A

umbillicus

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23
Q

how many thoracic vertebrae

A

12

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24
Q

label spinous processes, transverse processes, costal facets, articular processes

A
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25
spinous processes are ___ and ____ pointed
long inferiorly
26
transverse processes are ___ and __
long robust
27
costal facets are on the tip of ____
transverse processes T1-T10
28
articular processes articulate
in a coronal plane allowing rotation and flexion/extension
29
thoracic vertebral movements are limited by
articular processes articulating in a coronal plane ribs long spinous processes
30
label rib head, rib tubercle, rib angle, and costal groove
31
rib head
Posterior end of rib for articulation with vertebrae has superior and inferior articular facets Head of rib 1 only articulates with T1 vertebral body and has a single facet
32
rib tubercle
Articular bump short distance from the head
33
rib angle
Small flange indicating where most prominent curvature begins
34
costal groove
Small groove along most of the course of the of the inferior-medial margin
35
rib heads ______ articulate with costal facets on vertebral body of the _____ number and the body of the ______ superior vertebra
2-10 same next
36
rib tubercles _____ articulate with costal facets on the _____
1-10 transverse processes
37
manubrium, body, xiphoid process, xiphisternal joint, sternal angle, LABEL
38
manubrium
Articulates with clavicle and first two costal cartilages Jugular notch between facets for articulation with the clavicle
39
body of the sternum
Articulates with manubrium at sternal angle Articulates with 2nd – 7th costal cartilages
40
xiphoid process
Articulates with sternal body at xiphisternal joint Articulates with 7th costal cartilage
41
true rib, false rib, floating rib, jugular notch, sternal angle, xiphisternal joint, costal margin LABEL
42
true rib
1-7 vertebrosternal costal cartilages attach to the sternum directly
43
false rib
8-10 vertebrocostal costal cartilages attach to next superior cartilage
44
floating rib
11-12 free costal cartilages do not articulate with anything else
45
jugular notch is at _____ vertebral level
t2
46
sternal angle is at _____ disc level. also called the
T4-T5 transverse thoracic plane
47
xiphisternal joint is at the ___ vertebral level
T9
48
costal margin
bottom of ribcage incluses sternal angle at apex
49
mesoderm develops into ____ regions, ________
3 paraxial lateral plate intermediate
50
paraxial mesoderm
thickening around the notochord and under the neural folds becomes somites
51
lateral plate mesoderm
intercellular cavities develop in the mesoderm adjacent to the extraembryonic mesoderm
52
intermediate mesoderm
"renal stuff"
53
The intercellular cavities in the lateral plate coalesce to form the
intraembryonic coelom (primitive body cavity)
54
lateral plate mesoderm forms ___ layers:
2 parietal layer visceral layer
55
parietal layer
in the lateral plate mesoderm on top In combination with the overlying ectoderm the parietal layer makes the somatopleure (functional part of parietal layer)
56
visceral layer
In combination with the underlying endoderm the visceral layer makes the splanchnopleure (functional part of visceral layer)
57
____ grow and causes lateral folding of the ___ disc
somites trilaminar
58
folding of lateral plate mesoderm: splanchnopleure forms the _____ but remains connected to body wall via ___
gut tube mesentery
59
folding of lateral plate mesoderm: Somatopleure drawn __ to form the____
ventrally anterolateral body wall and limbs (except connecting stalk
60
the outermost layer of the trilaminar disk comes from __
ectoderm
61
_____ migrate ___ to contribute to the vertebrae
dorsal, ventral, and central sclerotome medially
62
what embryological area becomes the proximal rib that articulates with the vertebrae
central sclerotome
63
what embryological area becomes distal, muscle supporting bony rib
lateral sclerotome
64
where does the lateral sclerotome migrate
into parietal lateral plate to form costal cartilages
65
what does the sternum develop from
parietal lateral plate along ventral midline
66
Congenital conditions impacting the thoracic wall are frequently failures _____
of the fusion between sternum and ribs
67
the Primitive body cavity (intraembryonic coelom) is the _____. it passes around ___ and is initially confluent with _______
space between the parietal and visceral layers of lateral plate mesoderm
68
___ adult bodies derive from different regions of the primitive body cavity
4 pericaridal cavity peritoneal cavity pleural cavities (right and left)
69
pericaridal cavity
cranial
70
peritoneal cavity
caudal
71
pleural cavities
right and left in between the pericardioperitoneal canals
72
Closure of body wall due to folding separates_______ The lateral plate mesoderm (including the mesentery) forms _____ and will form ____ Gut tube is surrounded by _____ but is not within the actual space of the body cavity
primitive body cavity from the extraembryonic cavity a complete inner surface to the body cavity the serous lining of the body cavities the primitive body cavity
73
gut tube becomes
digestive track, lungs
74
___ growth of the cranial and caudal ends of the neural plate and flexures of the neural tube cause ____ The developing pericardial cavity is carried from a ___ position to a position_____ to the _____
Longitudinal the trilaminar disc to undergo craniocaudal folding cranial caudal developing head and brain
75
The _____ become divided as growth of the lungs drives shape changes in the thoracic walls. _____ membranes grow from ____ towards the ___
pericardial cavity and pleuroperitoneal canals Pleuropericardial lateral walls root of the developing lungs
76
____ of the pleuropericardial membranes fully isolates the _____ Remains of _____ membranes become the ____
Fusion pericardial and pleural cavities pleuropericardial fibrous layer of the pericardium around the heart
77
during craniocaudal folding some ____ forms the ____ ______ between the pericardial and peritoneal cavities Origin of the _____
visceral lateral plate mesoderm septum transversum Robust wall central tendon of the abdominal diaphragm
78
____ membranes form to surround the ____ and close off the communication between ____ Scaffold for ___ from ____ to form the muscular portions of the ___
Pleuroperitoneal septum transversum each pleural cavity and the peritoneal cavity myoblasts C3 – C5 abdominal diaphragm

Anatomy Block 3 (7 decks)

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