L3: Nephritic Syndrome

Question 1

Def of Nephritic syndrome

Answer 1

Question 2

Etiology of Nephritic syndrome

Answer 2

Question 3

Etiology of Nephritic syndrome

• Primary

Answer 3

…

Question 4

Etiology of Nephritic syndrome

• secondary

Answer 4

Question 5

Epidemeology of IgA Nephropathy

Answer 5

A very common cause of primary glomerulonephritis in adults.

Question 6

Etiology of IgA Nephropathy

Answer 6

Mostly primary (idiopathic).

Question 7

Pathology of IgA Nephropathy

Answer 7

Question 8

Presentation of IgA Nephropathy

Answer 8

Most common presentations are:

① Episodes of gross hematuria often accompanying an upper respiratory infection.
② Asymptomatic hematuria with/without proteinuria.

Question 9

TTT of IgA Nephropathy

Answer 9

Question 10

Presentation of Nephritic Syndrome

Answer 10

• Hematuria & Proteinuria
• Decreased GFR & Oliguria
• Edema & Hypertension
• Manifestations of The Cause

Question 11

Presentation of Nephritic Syndrome

• Hematuria & proteinuria

Answer 11

Question 12

Presentation of Nephritic Syndrome

• GFR & Oliguria

Answer 12

Pathogenesis:
▪ Inflammatory infiltration and proliferation of resident glomerular cells.

Question 13

Presentation of Nephritic Syndrome

• Edema & HTN

Answer 13

Question 14

Presentation of Nephritic Syndrome

• Manifestations of The Cause

Answer 14

…

Question 15

INVx in Nephritic Syndrome

Answer 15

• Urine
• Blood
• Cause

Question 16

INVx in Nephritic Syndrome

• Urine Studies

Answer 16

Question 17

INVx in Nephritic Syndrome

• Blood Tests

Answer 17

Question 18

INVx in Nephritic Syndrome

• INVx for the Cause

Answer 18

Question 19

TTT of Nephritic Syndrome

Answer 19

• Symptomatic
• Cause

Question 20

TTT of Nephritic Syndrome

• Symptomatic

Answer 20

• For hypertension: ACEI/ARBs - diuretics.
• For edema: Salt restriction - diuretics.
• For proteinuria: ACEI/ARBs.

Question 21

TTT of Nephritic Syndrome

• TTT of Cause

Answer 21

….

Question 22

Def of RPGN

Answer 22

• Clinical syndrome manifested by features of glomerular disease in the urinalysis and by
  progressive loss of kidney function over a comparatively short period of time (days, weeks,
  or a few months).

Question 23

Pathology of RPGN

Answer 23

Question 24

Etiology of RPGN

Answer 24

Question 25

Etiology classified according to immunofluorescence pattern:

Answer 25

Question 26

Etiology classified according to immunofluorescence pattern: - Granular

Answer 26

▪ Systemic lupus erythematosus ▪ IgA nephropathy ▪ Endocarditis

Question 27

Etiology classified according to immunofluorescence pattern: - Linear

Answer 27

▪ Good-pasture syndrome

Question 28

Etiology classified according to immunofluorescence pattern: - Pauci Immune

Answer 28

▪ Granulomatosis with polyangiitis ▪ Microscopic polyangiitis

Question 29

Pathogenesis of **Good-Pasture Syndrome**

Answer 29

- Autoantibodies directed against glomerular basement membrane antigens in the kidneys and alveolar basement membrane in the lungs .

Question 30

Pathology of **Good-Pasture Syndrome**

Answer 30

- Linear deposition of Ig (usually IgG) along the GBM is pathognomonic. - Crescent formation with variable degrees of necrosis.

Question 31

Presentation of **Good-Pasture Syndrome**

Answer 31

- Rapidly progressive GN. - Alveolar hemorrhage → hemoptysis.

Question 32

TTT of **Good-Pasture Syndrome**

Answer 32

① Plasmapheresis. ② Immunosuppressive therapy.

Question 33

GN & CKD

Answer 33