Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Block 6 Week 1 Colt > L4 Cellular Cooperation and Cytokines - Hudig > Flashcards

L4 Cellular Cooperation and Cytokines - Hudig Flashcards

(62 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Where do you find MHC I?

A

all cells except red blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the three step process for MHCI presentation?

A

cytoplasmic tagging (ubiquitin), degradation and presentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T/F: both MHCI and MHCII present self peptides all the time even without infection

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

From what cellular compartment does MHC I get its proteins?

A

cytosol, that’s where viruses make their proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

After ubiquitinating viral proteins and unfolding them, what size does the proteasome cleave them into?

A

8-11 aa’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

(blank) transports the proteins from the cytosol post-proteasome into the ER

A

TAP: transporter of antigenic peptides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where is the Ag loaded onto the MHC I?

A

in the ER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where does the AG-MHCI complex go after the ER?

A

to the Golgi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The golgi produces a (blank) vesicle which fuses with the PM to display the Ag-MHCI

A

exocytic vesicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What size must proteins be to present on MHC II?

A

20-30 aa’s long

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where do you find MHC II cells

A

APCs, B Cells and endothelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What cells types only express MHCII after induction?

A

B cells and endothelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the main source of Ag for MHCII?

A

extracellular proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the three step process for Ag presentation on MHCII?

A

ingestion, degradation, and presentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Bacterium, virus, or proteins are ingested into the (blank)

A

endosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

endosome fuses with the (blank) to form the phagolysosome

A

lysosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

T/F: extracellular virions are also presented on mHCII

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

where are the MHCII proteins made?

A

in the ER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Wher is the Ag-MHCII complex formed?

A

lysosome-golgi vesicle fusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Describe the process of loading Ag onto MHCII ?

A

MHCII made in ER
MHC transported to golgi, packaged into exocytic vesicle
Lysosome containing degraded protein fuses with vesicle and forms Ag-MHCII complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

which T cell class is used to control chronic viral infections?

A

CD8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What must CTLs do before they can kill?

A

divide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the reason that T cells only recognize proteins?

A

only living things produce proteins; 4 nucleic acids have more variability than sugar; 20 aa’s give more ability to distinguish between self and nonself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the APCs of the skin?

A

Langerhan’s cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what are teh APCs of the lymphoid organs?
dendritic cells
26
T/F: all tissue macrophages have TLRs that recognize LPS
true
27
T/F: tissue macrophages can detect bacterial DNA and ssRNA
true
28
What two cytokines do all tissue macrophages produce?
IL1 and TNF-a
29
Why are CTLs difficult to monitor for vaccine production?
1. Each naive t cell has a unique TCR 2. each t cell needs an EXACT match to the Ag-MHC complex to bind 3. There are 1000s of different mHCI alleles 4. to test CTL anti-viral vaccines you needs the target cells of the SAME MHCI allelle as the donor of the CTLs
30
HIV nef blocks (blank) synthesis
MHCI
31
Herpes simplex ICP47 blocks (blank) activity which prevents peptides to be transported from the proteasome into the ER
TAP
32
CMV H301 blocks what part of MHC function?
surface expression
33
What are the four cell types needed to cooperate to generate CTLs?
1. APCs 2. TFH 3. TH1 4. CTL
34
Explain the cell cooperation process of generating CTLs?
1. APCs ingest Ags 2. TFH TCR binds APC-Ag; releases IL2 3. TH1: IL2 receptor, releases IFNg 4. CTL: IFNg receptor; granule production
35
What are the three cells needed to make Abs?
1. APC 2. TH2 3. B cell
36
Describe the cellular cooperation to produce antibodies?
1. APC ingests Ag 2. TH2: releases IL4; 3. B cell: IL4 receptor; proliferates and secretes Ab
37
What cells produce TNF-a and IL1?
APCs
38
What cells produce IL2 and IFNg?
TH1
39
What cells produce IL4?
Th2
40
Why is route of vaccine administration important?
different Ig classes in different areas: mucosal vs IM vs IV
41
When would you use a live virus?
1. if the virus spreads via syncytia 2. cheaper 3. ACTIVATES CD8 CTL 4. Ag peptides are produced INTRACELLLARLY in the infected cell cytoplasm 5. MHC I presentation of 8-11 aa's
42
When would you use a heat killed virus?
1. Safety is higher 2. Stores better without refrigeration 3. ACTIVATES CD4 TH1 if first exposure, TH2 if second exposure
43
How do APCs enter a lymph node?
afferent lymphatics
44
Where are the macrophages and plasma cells in the lymph node?
medullary cords
45
Where are the B cells in the lymph node?
germinal center/follicles
46
Where are the T cells in the lymph node?
paracortex
47
what happens to lymph node architecture in AIDS?
IT IS DESTROYED
48
What are the APCs of the lymph node?
dendritic cells
49
What is the APC of Peyer's patches?
M cell; sits on the GI epithelium
50
Where are the b cells in PP?
in deeper follicles
51
Where are the T cells in PP?
area below the epithelium but above the follicles
52
How are Ags circulated from PP?
lymph drains to regional lymph nodes
53
T/F: Spleen has follicles containing B cells
true
54
Where are the T cells located in the spleen?
periarterioalr sheath of white pulpe (PAS)
55
What is the APC of the spleen?
DC
56
Are the DCs that present Ag to the T cells in the PALS the same as the DCs that activate the B cells in the spleen?
no
57
What kind of response do you get in a live attenuated or killed bacteria vaccine?
Ab response
58
What kind of response do you get in a live attenuated virus vaccine?
cell mediated and Ab
59
What kind of response do you get in a conjugate vaccine?
Helper t cell dependent ab response
60
What kind of response do you get in a synthetic vaccine?
Ab response
61
What kind of response do you get in a antigen vaccine?
Ab response
62
What kind of response do you get in a DNA vaccine?
cell mediated and humoral resposne

Block 6 Week 1 Colt (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions