(L5) Module 1 L5 - Acids and bases

Question 1

What’s the 1st kind of chemical reaction?

Answer 1

electron transfer

Question 2

What’s the 2nd kind of chemical reaction?

Answer 2

precipiation

Question 3

What’s the 3rd kind of chemical reaction?

Answer 3

acid-base

Question 4

What is a lewis base?

Answer 4

electron-pair donator?

Question 5

What is a lewis acid?

Answer 5

electron-pair acceptor

Question 6

What is a coordinate/dative bond?

Answer 6

When both atoms share the electrons that only come from 1 of the atoms.

Question 7

Bronsted-Lowry acid definition

Answer 7

proton (h+) donor

Question 8

Bronsted-Lowry base definition

Answer 8

proton (h+) acceptor

Question 9

What are the bronsted-lowry acid/base definitions for (conditions)

Answer 9

acid/base behaviour in an aqueous solution

Question 10

what is a conj acid/base pair?

Answer 10

2 species which differ by a proton

Question 11

What is an acid?

Answer 11

Proton attatched to an extremely electronegative atom (F, O, N) via a polar bond.

Question 12

What are strongest atoms attatched to?

Answer 12

halogen (group17) or oxygen (group16) (F, O , N)

Question 13

What is a base?

Answer 13

atleast 1 lone pair of electrons. usually group 15, 16, 17.

Question 14

What forms strongest bases?

Answer 14

Formed from deprotonation of molecules containg X-H bonds, where X is a group 15 or 16 element.

Question 15

What is a electrophile? Nucleophile?

Answer 15

electrophile, loves and accepts electrons
nucleophiles is a electron donator

Question 16

how to use H3O conc to find pH?

Answer 16

ph= -log [H3O]

in neutral water pH=7 pOH=7

Question 17

how to use OH conc to find pOH?

Answer 17

pOh= -log [OH]

in neutral water pH=7 pOH=7

Question 18

What is the equilibrium process associated w/ Kw?

Answer 18

Kw, auto-ionisation constant of water

Question 19

What does [H3O] equal in neutral water?

Answer 19

Kw = [H3O] = [OH] =1.010-7 mol L-1
or Kw = 110-14

Question 20

what is conc [H3O] using pH?

Answer 20

[H3O] = 10^-ph

Question 21

pKw equation?

Answer 21

pKw = -log(Kw)
= 14 : at 25 Celcius

Question 22

Ph +pOH =

Answer 22

14

Question 23

Kw = [H3O][OH] how to find [OH]?

Answer 23

[OH] = Kw/[H3O]

Question 24

How does temperature effect Kw?

Answer 24

Temperature decreases at Kw.

Question 25

Why must we be careful what we refer to as acidic, neutral, basic?

Answer 25

Might usually think of a solution with pH of 6.6 as slightly acidic. At 35 celcius it is neutral. This is because at neutral [H3O] = [OH]

Question 26

What undergoes complete dissociation?

Answer 26

Electrolytes.. such as ionic solids, acids, bases.

Question 27

What's a strong acid?

Answer 27

Acids which completely dissociate and donate their protons.

Question 28

What's an example of stong acids?

Answer 28

HCl (hydrochloric, present in gastric acid), H2SO4 (sulfuric), HNO3 (nitric), HBr (hydrobromic), HI (hydroiodic), HClO4 (perchloric)

Question 29

How to calculate concentration from a strong acid?

Answer 29

1:1 scale.

Question 30

What's a strong base?

Answer 30

Bases which generate OH- in reactions which go to completion

Question 31

How to calculate concentration from a strong base?

Answer 31