(L5) Module 1 L5 - Acids and bases Flashcards
What’s the 1st kind of chemical reaction?
electron transfer
What’s the 2nd kind of chemical reaction?
precipiation
What’s the 3rd kind of chemical reaction?
acid-base
What is a lewis base?
electron-pair donator?
What is a lewis acid?
electron-pair acceptor
What is a coordinate/dative bond?
When both atoms share the electrons that only come from 1 of the atoms.
Bronsted-Lowry acid definition
proton (h+) donor
Bronsted-Lowry base definition
proton (h+) acceptor
What are the bronsted-lowry acid/base definitions for (conditions)
acid/base behaviour in an aqueous solution
what is a conj acid/base pair?
2 species which differ by a proton
What is an acid?
Proton attatched to an extremely electronegative atom (F, O, N) via a polar bond.
What are strongest atoms attatched to?
halogen (group17) or oxygen (group16) (F, O , N)
What is a base?
atleast 1 lone pair of electrons. usually group 15, 16, 17.
What forms strongest bases?
Formed from deprotonation of molecules containg X-H bonds, where X is a group 15 or 16 element.
What is a electrophile? Nucleophile?
electrophile, loves and accepts electrons
nucleophiles is a electron donator
how to use H3O conc to find pH?
ph= -log [H3O]
in neutral water pH=7 pOH=7
how to use OH conc to find pOH?
pOh= -log [OH]
in neutral water pH=7 pOH=7
What is the equilibrium process associated w/ Kw?
Kw, auto-ionisation constant of water
What does [H3O] equal in neutral water?
Kw = [H3O] = [OH] =1.010-7 mol L-1
or Kw = 110-14
what is conc [H3O] using pH?
[H3O] = 10^-ph
pKw equation?
pKw = -log(Kw)
= 14 : at 25 Celcius
Ph +pOH =
14
Kw = [H3O][OH] how to find [OH]?
[OH] = Kw/[H3O]
How does temperature effect Kw?
Temperature decreases at Kw.
