LA

Question 0

MSD for lidocaine (mg/kg/24)

Answer 0

3

Question 1

MSD for lidocaine (mg)

Answer 1

200

Question 2

Lidocaine

Answer 2

Lignocaine

Xylocaine

Question 3

Onset of lidocaine

Answer 3

5-15mins

Question 4

Duration of lidocaine

Answer 4

1&half- 2hrs

Question 5

LA most commonly used by pods

Answer 5

Lignocaine

Question 6

Mepivacaine 3% MSD

Answer 6

400

Question 7

Mepivacaine 3% onset

Answer 7

5-10hrs

Question 8

Mepivicaine 3% MSD (mg/kg/24)

Answer 8

6

Question 9

Bupivacaine 0.25-0.375% MSD (mg)

Answer 9

150

Question 10

Bupivacaine 0.25-0.375%

Mg/kg/24

Answer 10

2

Question 11

Marciane

Answer 11

Bupivacaine

Question 12

Bupivacaine 0.25-0.375% onset

Answer 12

10-20mins

Question 13

Bupivicaine 0.25-0.375%

Duration

Answer 13

8-10hours

Question 14

LA most commonly used by podiatrists

Answer 14

Lignocaine

Question 15

LA used for post op relief

Answer 15

Bupivacaine

Question 16

Weight is capped at

Answer 16

70kgs

Question 17

Why do we multiply by 10 when calculating?

Answer 17

1% LA has 10mg per 1ml
2% LA has 20mg per 1ml
0.5% LA has 5mg per 1ml

Question 18

Common causes of sharps injuries

Answer 18

Removing the cap and needle
Injecting the LA
Disposing of the needle
Transporting sharps

Question 19

Types of needles equipment needles

Answer 19

25, 27, 30 gauge used in podiatry

Question 20

Available lengths in mm

Answer 20

Long 35mm

Short 21mm

Question 21

Short gauge needles such as 19 or 21 are used for what?

Answer 21

Drawing up

Question 22

What would a larger gauge of needle cause?

Answer 22

Increased back pressure when injecting

Question 23

Type of regional anaesthesia

Answer 23

Digital block

Question 24

How does Anaesthetics work?

Answer 24

LA interferes with the excitation/conduction of peripheral nerves. LA bind to ion channels on the cell membrane - inhibit the NA K pump function.

Question 25

First anaesthetic?

Answer 25

Cocaine 1860

Question 26

First ester bonded synthetic anaesthetic?

Answer 26

Procaine e.g. Novocaine (1904)

Question 27

First amide-bonded synthetic anaesthetic created?

Answer 27

Lidocaine AKA lignocaine e.g. Xylocaine

Question 28

Ester bonded LA

Answer 28

Procaine and benzocaine

Question 29

Amide bonded LA include

Answer 29

Lignocaine, bupivavaine, prilocaine, mepivacaine and ropivicaine

Question 30

Absolute contraindications (10)

Answer 30

``` Allergy/hypersensitivity Inflammation/sepsis Myasthenia Gravis Bradycardia Epilepsy Impaired cardiac condition Anti-arrhythmic drugs 3 (Amiodarone) Stokes-Adams syndrome Wolff-parkinson-white syndrome Severe shock ```

Question 31

Relative contraindications (11)

Answer 31

``` Hepatic disease Renal disease Congestive cardiac failure Marked hypoxia Severe respiratory depression Hypovolaemia Anticoagulant therapy Radio/chemotherapy Allergy, toxicity, sensitivity Pregnancy ```

Question 32

What should you do if concerned about contraindications?

Answer 32

Consult a medical doctor

Question 33

Adverse effects may result from

Answer 33

``` High plasma levels Hypersensitivity Idiosyncrasy Diminished tolerance Serious adverse experiences are generally systemic in nature ```

Question 34

CNS adverse effects flow chart

Answer 34

``` Graded responses with symptoms and signs of escalating severity Metallic taste disturbance Tinnitus Peri oral tingling Agitation Loss of consciousness Respiratory arrest ```

Question 35

How many minutes before toxic effects of an injection into the small saphenous vein will become apparent

Answer 35

1-3 minutes

Question 36

What featured of a vial of LA do you check before injecting (5)

Answer 36

``` Drug type Concentration % Expiry date Inspect the seal Foreign bodies ```