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PL SC 221 lab final > lab 1 > Flashcards

lab 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Cell

A

smallest structural and functional unit of organism

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2
Q

Photosynthesis

A

solar energy converted to organic matter

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3
Q

where does photosynthesis occur?

A

chloroplasts

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4
Q

Parenchyma

A

-cells are thin walled and living at maturity

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5
Q

what are Parenchyma called when they contain chloroplasts?

A

Chlorenchyma

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6
Q

Collenchyma

A

uneven thickened walls and are living

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7
Q

Scherenchyma

A

cells are dead at maturity and have thick cell walls

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8
Q

what are the two types of Sclerenchyma?

A

fibers and schlereids

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9
Q

Middle Lamella

A

Cementing layer which glues adjacent cells together

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10
Q

in Schlerids, what is the cavity where cytoplasm is

A

Lumen

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11
Q

Fibers

A

Thick walled cells that provide support for the plant elongated narrow cells

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12
Q

what is cell wall inlaid with

A

plasmalemma

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13
Q

what carbohydrates does cell wall contain
what is their function

A

cellulose, pectin, and lignin
structural support

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14
Q

what is the function of lipids in plasma membrane

A

regulat4e chemical movement

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15
Q

cytoplasm

A

fluid matrix in cell membrane

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16
Q

nucleus

A

contains DNA

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17
Q

Central vacuole

A

fluid filled organelles that provide structure and store nutrients and water

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18
Q

anthocyanin

A

pigment found in vacuole

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19
Q

cytoplasmic streaming

A

transfer of materials in and out of cells

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20
Q

function of roots

A

anchor plants, obtain water and nutrients, store energy

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21
Q

function shoots

A

search for sunligt, conduct water and nutrient, conduct carbohydrates

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22
Q

Monocots

A

one seed leaf

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23
Q

Dicot

A

two seed leaf

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24
Q

crowns

A

shoots

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25
Q

where do new shoots arise from

A

from buds containing shoot apical meristem

26
Q

what is it called if a bud occurs tip of shoot

A

terminal bud

27
Q

what are buds arising from nodes below terminal bud called

A

axillary bud

28
Q

Monocot shoot epidermis

A

rarely photosynthetic, outermost layer, waxy cuticle

29
Q

Monocot shoot bundles

A

vascular tissues, contain xylem and phloem

30
Q

what is xylem composed of

A

tracheids and vessels, hollow and dead

31
Q

what is phloem composed of

A

sieve tube elemets and companion cells

32
Q

Dicot shoot what is primary xylem formed by

A

apical meristem

33
Q

Dicot what is secondary xylem formed by

A

vascular cambium

34
Q

what is vascular cambium

A

lateral meristem increases girth

35
Q

Dicot shoot formation of new xylem pushes

A

older primary xylem to center

36
Q

Dicot shoot what happens in the phloem as stem ages

A

primary phloem disintegrate

37
Q

Dicot shoot what is outermost of primary phloem made of

A

phloem fibers which are sclerencyma

38
Q

Dicot shoot secondary phloem where

A

under primary phloem outside vasc cambium

39
Q

dicot primary root

A

early stage of development–>taproot

40
Q

where do lateral roots arise from? dicot

A

pericycle

41
Q

Monocot root system

A

fibrous root system, then turns into adventitious root systemh

42
Q

where does adventitious root system develop

A

from stem tissue

43
Q

stele

A

endodermis, pericycle, vascular tissue

44
Q

Cladophylls

A

cactus pads, water storing,

45
Q

each cactus pad represent

A

internode

46
Q

buds

A

bit of broccoli and cauliflower we consume

47
Q

Corms

A

Single fleshy stem with reduced leaves, stem modification, below surface

48
Q

bulb

A

enlarged basal bud enclosed by thick scale like leaves

49
Q

Turnicate or inbricate bulb

A

onion and tulip

50
Q

Scaly bulb

A

lily

51
Q

Tubers

A

root or stem modifications
thin epidermal later covering parenchyma

52
Q

+potato

A

tuberous stem

53
Q

tuberous root

A

dahlia and peony

54
Q

storage taproots

A

root modification
carrots and beets

55
Q

Stolons

A

reproduce asexually, modified stems
where it contacts soil a new root and shoot forms
strawberry

56
Q

Rhizome

A

stem modification like stolon but extend horizonotally below ground, sprout adventitious root
iris, turf and pasture grasses

57
Q

Nodules

A

modified root, legumes, nitrogen fixing bacteria

58
Q

adventitious roots

A

roots that arise from plant part other than primary root,

59
Q

Arial roots

A

early stage of adventitous root, provide support for epiphytic plants

60
Q

epiphytic plant

A

live on other plant

61
Q

prop root

A

corn
where roots reach grown

PL SC 221 lab final (3 decks)

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