lab 1

Question 1

What is the host spectrum of Fasciola hepatica?

Answer 1

Wide, mostly herbivorous mammals and humans

Question 2

What are the steps of the lifecycle of F. hepatica?

Answer 2

MI - SPO - RE1 - RE2 – CE (Miracidium, Sporocysts, Redia and Cercaria)

Question 3

How is the lifecycle of F. hepatica ?

Answer 3

Indirect

Question 4

Where can you find the adult form of Fasciola hepatica?

Answer 4

In the bile duct and gallbladder

Question 5

Where can you find the juvenile form of Fasciola hepatica?

Answer 5

Penetrates the intestine and migrates to the liver via abdominal cavity

Question 6

What is the primarily intermediate host of F. hepatica?

Answer 6

Galba truncatula (snail)

Question 7

What is the main source of heavy fasciolosis?

Answer 7

Secondary biotopes

Question 8

What is the size of the eggs of F. hepatica?

Answer 8

120-150 μm

Question 9

Which color of the eggs does Fasciola hepatica have?

Answer 9

Golden yellow

Question 10

What does the Fasciola hepatica eggs contain?

Answer 10

Zygote

Question 11

What surrounds the egg of the F. hepatica?

Answer 11

Granulated yolk

Question 12

Zygote containing egg of F. hepatica develops into?

Answer 12

Ciliated larva (miracidium) in water usually within 2 weeks

Question 13

F. hepatica: in the body of snail the first larva turns into?

Answer 13

Bladder-like sporocyst

Question 14

What happens in the cavity of the sporocyst of F. hepatica?

Answer 14

Third larval form develops by asexual budding (paedogenesis)

Question 15

In which stage does the F. hepatica shed their tail?

Answer 15

Cercariae

Question 16

How long takes the migration in the liver parenchyma of F. hepatica?

Answer 16

4-6 weeks

Question 17

Approximately how long is the praepatent period of F. hepatica?

Answer 17

10 weeks

Question 18

What are the definitive hosts of F. hepatica?

Answer 18

All kinds of ruminants, mainly the hollow-horned ones (bovidae)

Question 19

What are the most susceptible species for Fasciola hepatica?

Answer 19

Sheep, goat, rabbit and hare + (artificially: mouse, rat )

Question 20

What are the moderately susceptible species of Fasciola hepatica?

Answer 20

Cattle, deer, roe-deer, moufflon, buffalo and camel + (artificially: guinea pig)

Question 21

What are the least susceptible species for Fasciola heptica?

Answer 21

Horse, pig, dog, cat and humans

Question 22

What can be the symptoms of acute form of Fasciola hepatica?

Answer 22

Rapid weight loss, sudden death

Question 23

What colour are the mucous membranes in case of sub acute Fasciolosis?

Answer 23

Pale

Question 24

What can be the symptoms of sub acute form of Fasciola hepatica?

Answer 24

Severe anemia, bottle jaw

Question 25

What can be the symptoms of chronic form of Fasciola hepatica?

Answer 25

Submandibular edema, cachexia

Question 26

F. hepatica: in case of acute form the young flukes can be found in?

Answer 26

Parenchyma

Question 27

F. hepatica: in case of chronic form the flukes can be found?

Answer 27

In the biliary ducts and gallbladder

Question 28

What are the steps of the lifecycle in rumen fluke?

Answer 28

MI - SPO - RE1 - CE (Miracidium, Sporocysts, Redia and Cercaria)

Question 29

How is the lifecycle of rumen flukes?

Answer 29

Indirect

Question 30

How long is the praepatent period of rumen flukes?

Answer 30

16-18 weeks

Question 31

Where can you find immature rumen flukes?

Answer 31

Duodenum and abomasum

Question 32

Juvenile form of rumen flukes is found in?

Answer 32

Duodenum

Question 33

What color does the eggs of rumen flukes have?

Answer 33

They are colorless

Question 34

What is special about the juvenile rumen flukes?

Answer 34

They never leave the intestinal canal during their route from small intestine to the forestomach

Question 35

What is the intermediate host of the rumen flukes?

Answer 35

Galba truncatula for Calicophoron species and shells of planorbids act as intermediate hosts for Paramphistomum species

Question 36

What is the habitat for the intermediate host of the rumen flukes?

Answer 36

They have a wide range of habitats

Question 37

In which animals is the rumen fluke common?

Answer 37

In wild animals

Question 38

What is the size of the eggs of lancet flukes?

Answer 38

40-48 μm long

Question 39

When is the miracidium able to hatch in the lancet flukes?

Answer 39

If the egg is consumed by a landsnail

Question 40

Where does the larva of the lancet fluke hatch?

Answer 40

In the intestines of the snails

Question 41

Where does the larva of the lancet fluke develops?

Answer 41

In the body cavity of the intermediate host to sporocyst

Question 42

What does the sporocyst of the lancet fluke produce?

Answer 42

Several generations of other sporocysts (so called daughter sporocyst)

Question 43

Cercariae of the lancet fluke have a sharp spine on the tip of the head, what is it called?

Answer 43

Stylet

Question 44

How does the cercariae of the lancet fluke leave the snail?

Answer 44

With the expelled mucus

Question 45

Where does juvenile lancet flukes develop into adults?

Answer 45

Liver, through biliary ducts

Question 46

Apporiximately how long is the praepatent period in the lancet flukes?

Answer 46

About 7-9 weeks

Question 47

What is the intermediate host of lancet flukes?

Answer 47

Small landsnails may act as first intermediate host

Question 48

For how long does the infected snail survive in the lancet flukes?

Answer 48

1-4 years

Question 49

What is the second intermediate host of the lancet flukes?

Answer 49

Ants

Question 50

How long does the infected ants of the lancet flukes survive for?

Answer 50

Maximum 1 year