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EAS 210 > Lab 1: Minerals > Flashcards

Lab 1: Minerals Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

Amphibole

A

cleavage in 2 directions - 60° and 120°**
vitreous lustre
dark green to black**
long, prismatic eight-sided crystal

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2
Q

amphibole hardness

A

6

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3
Q

Biotite

A

1 plane of cleave cleavage **
black to brownish black**
vitreous luster

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4
Q

biotite hardness

A

2.5-3

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5
Q

Calcite

A

strongly effervesces in HCL**
double image seen through clear pieces**
3 cleavage planes not at 90°**
vitreous luster

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6
Q

calcite hardness

A

3

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7
Q

Chalcopyrite

A

massive
golden yellow/greenish yellow**
metallic luster**
Hardness 3-4**

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8
Q

chalcopyrite hardness

A

3.5-4

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9
Q

Dolomite

A

reacts slowly with HCl**
cleavages in 3 directions - 75°**

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10
Q

dolomite hardness

A

3.5-4

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11
Q

Galena

A

3 excellent cubic cleavage**
high specific density**
silver-grey
metallic luster

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12
Q

galena hardness

A

2.5

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13
Q

Gypsum

A

hardness of 2**
excellent cleavage in 1 direction, poor cleavage in other two directions**

vitreous to pearly** luster
white or transparent

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14
Q

Halite

A

salty taste**
perfect cleave at 90°**

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15
Q

halite hardness

A

2-2.5

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16
Q

Magnetite

A

magnetic**
dark grey to black
irregular fracture

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17
Q

Muscovite

A

1 plane of cleavage**
colourless**
flexible in thin sheets**

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18
Q

muscovite hardness

A

2-3

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19
Q

Olivine

A

olive green colour**
occurs as aggregates of small vitreous grains**
transparent to translucent

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20
Q

Plagioclase Feldspar

A

striations**
2 good cleavages at 90°**
white to dark grey

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21
Q

plagioclase feldspar hardness

A

6

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22
Q

olivine hardness

A

6.5-7.5

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23
Q

Potassium Feldspar

A

exsolution texture**
pink salmon colour**

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24
Q

potassium feldspar hardness

A

6

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25
Pyrite
metallic luster** massive/cubic habit** brass-yellow**
26
pyrite hardness
6-6.6
27
Pyroxene
dull luster (don't write this) 2 directions of cleavage at 90°** dark green to black short prismatic eight sided crystals
28
pyroxene hardness
6
29
Quartz
conchoidal fracture** six sided crystal habit hardness of 7
30
Sphalerite
resinous luster** yellow streak* dodecahedral cleavage (12 planes)
31
sphalerite hardness
3.5-4
32
Sylvite
bitter taste** 3 directions of cleavage at 90°**
33
Finger nail hardness
2.5
34
penny hardness
3.5
35
glass plate hardness
5.5
36
steel nail
6.5
37
Streak plate hardness
7
38
talc hardness
1
39
gypsum hardness
2
40
calcite hardness
3
41
fluorite hardness
4
42
apatite hardness
5
43
feldspar hardness
6
44
quartz hardness
7
45
topaz hardness
8
46
corundum hardness
9
47
diamond hardness
10
48
acicular habit
needle like; silimanite
49
bladed habit
elongated in one dimension, substantially smaller in the the other two; kyanite
50
prismatic habit
like quartz habit
51
equant habit
a cube; pyrite
52
tabular habit
feldspar; one dimension shorter than other two
53
platy habit
biotite; one dimension substantially smaller than the other two
54
granular
rounded-irregular shaped crystals; sugar like in appearance
55
what should be used to differentiate between chalcopyrite and pyrite
hardness; chalcopyrite = 3.5 - 4 pyrite = 6-6.6
56
basal cleavage
1 direction of cleavage; biotite, muscovite
57
prismatic cleavage
2 cleavages at 90°; feldspars, pyroxene
58
non-prismatic cleavage
2 cleavages not at 90°; amphibole
59
cubic cleavage
3 cleavages at 90°; halite, galena
60
rhombohedral cleavage
3 cleavages, none at 90°; calcite
61
octahedral
4 cleavages - 8 faces; fluorite
62
dodecahedral
6 cleavages - 12 faces; sphalerite
63
sulphide minerals
(squares) sphalerite galena chalcopyrite pyrite
64
carbonate minerals
(reacts with acid) dolomite calcite aragonite
65
sulphate minerals
(absorbs water) gypsum anhydrite
66
oxide minerals
(interesting) magnetite, haematite alumina/corundum uraninite
67
halide minerals
(salty) fluorite halite sylvite
68
single tetrahedra silicate minerals
olivine
69
single chain silica minerals
pyroxene
70
double chain silica minerals
amphibole
71
sheet silica minerals
muscovite, biotite
72
3d framework silica minerals
potassium feldspar quarts

EAS 210 (20 decks)

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