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Lab 1: Principles of Orthotics Flashcards

1
Q

What terms pertain to the act of putting on and taking off an orthosis?

A

Donning and doffing

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2
Q

Why should fabric be worn under the orthosis?

A

Prevent skin irritation and break down, absorb moisture

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3
Q

What effect can wrinkles in the fabric have under an orthosis?

A

Increased pressure

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4
Q

What should be done before and after wearing the orthosis?

A

Skin inspection

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5
Q

How long is it okay for skin redness to last after taking off an orthosis?

A

15-20 minutes

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6
Q

How long should a new orthosis be worn on days 1 and 2?

A

30 minutes 2x/day

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7
Q

How long should a new orthosis be worn on days 3 and 4?

A

1 hours 2x/day

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8
Q

How long should a new orthosis be worn on days 5 and 6?

A

2 hours 2x/day

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9
Q

How long should a new orthosis be worn on days 7-10?

A

3 hours 2x/day

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10
Q

How long should a new orthosis be worn on days 11-14?

A

4 hours 2x/day

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11
Q

What should not be done in order to properly care for an orthosis?

A

Do not submerge in water or store near heat sources or in extreme temperatures

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12
Q

What is the purpose of shoes?

A

Important foundation for the lower extremity stability, transfer of weight, interaction with the surface, and protection

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13
Q

Why would shoes be modified either internally or externally?

A

Correction of flexible deformities or supporting rigid deformities

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14
Q

What is the upper of the shoe?

A

Covers the dorsum of the foot

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15
Q

What is the vamp of the shoe?

A

Anterior portion of the upper

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16
Q

What is the toe box?

A

The area of the vamp that covers the toes

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17
Q

When would the height of the toe box need to be considered?

A

To accommodate foot deformities such as hammer toes, hallux valgus, etc.

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18
Q

What the the quarter of the shoe?

A

The posterior portion of the upper

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19
Q

What is a low quarter?

A

Trimlines of the quarter are below the malleoli and does not impact ankle motion

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20
Q

What is a high quarter?

A

Trimlines are above the malleoli, can augment the stability of the ankle with or without the use of an orthosis

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21
Q

What is a mid-quarter?

A

Trimlines are at or below the malleoli. Provides more stability than a low quarter but not as much as a high quarter

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22
Q

What is an extra depth shoe?

A

Has an upper with extra vertical space to allow foot to accommodate a shoe insert, deformity, surgical or other dressings

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23
Q

What is the lace stay?

A

Contains eyelets for the laces

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24
Q

What are the three styles of a lace stay?

A

Blucher, balmoral, lace to toe

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25
What is a blucher style shoe?
Lace stay is separate from the vamp. Allows the throat of the shoe to be larger
26
What is a balmoral style shoe?
Lace stay is continuous with the vamp, will not be able to open the shoe as wide for donning
27
What is a lace to toe style shoe?
The lace stay extends all the way down to the toes to allow for maximum opening of the footwear for donning
28
What style of shoe is shown in the image?
Lace to toe
29
What style of shoe is shown in the image?
Blucher
30
What style of shoe is shown in the image?
Balmoral
31
What part of the shoe is labeled 1?
Lace stay
32
What part of the shoe is labeled 2?
Tongue
33
What part of the shoe is labeled 3?
Throat
34
What part of the shoe is labeled 4?
Toe box
35
What part of the shoe is labeled 5?
Toe spring
36
What part of the shoe is labeled 6?
Vamp
37
What part of the shoe is labeled 7?
Shank
38
What part of the shoe is labeled 8?
Quarter
39
What part of the shoe is labeled 9?
Heel
40
What part of the shoe is labeled 1?
Heel counter
41
What part of the shoe is labeled 2?
Quarter
42
What part of the shoe is labeled 3?
Vamp
43
What part of the shoe is labeled 4?
Toe box
44
What part of the shoe is labeled 5?
Innersole
45
What part of the shoe is labeled 6?
Outersole
46
What part of the shoe is labeled 7?
Shank
47
What part of the shoe is labeled 8?
Heel
48
What part of the shoe is labeled 1?
Upper
49
What part of the shoe is labeled 2?
Low quarter
50
What part of the shoe is labeled 3?
Heel
51
What part of the shoe is labeled 4?
Counter
52
What part of the shoe is labeled 5?
Shank reinforcements
53
What part of the shoe is labeled 6?
Sole
54
What part of the shoe is labeled 7?
Sole break lines
55
What part of the shoe is labeled 8?
Toe spring
56
What is the function of laces?
Allow for closing and securing the opening of the shoe. Has an effect on donning and doffing
57
What is the throat of the shoe?
Opening of the footwear where the foot passes to enter the vamp of the shoe
58
What is the tongue of the shoe?
Material of the dorsum of the foot and ankle that sits under the lace stay and assists in moving the shoe material out of the way to allow maximal clearance at the throat
59
What is the function of the heel counter?
Stiffens the quarter of the shoe, prevent collapse of the foot medially
60
What is the sole of the shoe?
The bottom portion of the shoe
61
What is the outersole of the shoe?
The bottom of the shoe area that contacts the floor and ground. May assist in shock absorption or preventing slipping
62
What is the innersole of the shoe?
Present inside the shoe where the foot sits, provided cushion and comfort, can have multiple layers
63
What is the shank of the shoe?
Longitudinal area on the sole of the shoe between the anterior border of the heel and start of the metatarsal heads
64
What is the toe spring of the shoe?
The slight rise at the front end of the sole that allows for easier transition over the foot in later to terminal stance
65
What is the heel of the shoe?
Portion of the shoe under the anatomic heel than can be built up to add extra stability
66
What is the typical height of a shoe heel?
3/4 - 1"
67
How do you determine the height of the heel?
Heel height = sole height at MTP - sole height at the heel
68
When would a higher heel be indicated?
Decreased flexibility in the hindfoot, pain in heel so that weight transfers toward the metatarsal heads
69
How does increased heel height influence alignment and weight bearing?
If higher than 1", need to compensate for increased plantarflexion by either flexing at the hip and knee or hyperextending at the knee and increasing the lumbar lordosis
70
What are the key areas to consider when assessing the fit of a shoe?
Shoe length, width, and depth
71
What is the optimal length for a shoe for proper fit?
Shoe length should be 1/2" longer than the longest toe to aid and allow for foot movement during ambulation
72
Where should the widest part of the shoe be when assessing proper fit?
Aligned with the first MTP joint
73
How do you examine shoe depth for proper fit?
Fit of the vamp and toe box for adequate clearance as well as the height of the posterior quarters
74
In what position should you assess the fit of shoes?
Weightbearing
75
What are other considerations for when to assess shoe fit?
The time of day and if the individual has been active prior
76
How much can a shoe size increase after exercise or at the end of the day?
1 - 1.5 sizes
77
How much should you typically size up in a shoe to accommodate for an orthosis?
1/2 - 1 size
78
When are custom shoes indicated?
Significant deformity in the foot that cannot be accommodated in an extra depth shoe with modifications

Orthotics (8 decks)

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