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Anatomy and Physiology 1 > Lab 1 Test > Flashcards

Lab 1 Test Flashcards

1
Q

Reproduction

A

To produce again

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2
Q

Autoregulation

A

Self regulation

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3
Q

Hypothalamus

A

A specialized structure of the endocrine system that produces hormones for homeostatic regulation

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4
Q

Pericardial

A

Located around the heart
Pericardial fluid surrounds the heart

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5
Q

Avascular

A

Without blood flow
Epithelial tissue is avascular

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6
Q

Endocrine

A

A system of specialized structures that produce hormones for homeostatic regulation

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7
Q

Merocrine

A

A strategy of secreting hormones via exocytosis

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8
Q

Apocrine

A

A strategy of secreting hormones in which the apical (top) portion of the cell is destroyed to release the hormones

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9
Q

Holocrine

A

A strategy of secreting hormones in which the entire cell is destroyed to release the hormones

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10
Q

Autocrine

A

The cell that releases the hormone is affected by it

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11
Q

Paracrine

A

Secretion of hormones that affect the neighboring or surrounding cells

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12
Q

Tachycardia

A

Elevated resting heart rate
100 bpm (beats per minute) or MORE

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13
Q

Bradycardia

A

Low resting heart rate
60 bpm (beats per minute) or LESS

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14
Q

Cardiopulmonary

A

The heart and lungs

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15
Q

Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP)
–OR–
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

A

Biological fuel

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16
Q

Cutaneous

A

Surface

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17
Q

Subcutaneous

A

Below the surface

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18
Q

Cytogenetics

A

The inheritable characteristics of the cell

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19
Q

Oligodendrocyte

A

A specialized nerve cell that produces myelin

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20
Q

Hepatocyte

A

Liver cell

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21
Q

Leukocyte

A

White blood cells of immune cells

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22
Q

Macrophage

A

Immune cells that eat or engulf large quantities

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23
Q

Microphage

A

Immune cells called neutrophils that eat or engulf small amounts

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24
Q

Decomposition

A

To break down to the elemental particles

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25
Q

Metabolism

A

The sum of the chemical reactions

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26
Q

Catabolism

A

Chemical reactions that break things apart into smaller parts
Example: Digestion

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27
Q

Anabolism

A

Chemical reactions that build things up into larger parts
Example: Protein structures called muscle

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28
Q

Hydrophilic

A

Water soluble
Example: Protein and Carbohydrates

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29
Q

Hydrophobic

A

Insoluble in water
Example: Lipids and Fats

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30
Q

Amphiphatic

A

A chemical or molecule that has a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail used to transport fat

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31
Q

Colloid

A

Not solid or liquid, gel like

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32
Q

Hydrostatic

A

Blood pressure

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33
Q

Hypertonic

A

Hyperosmotic, more particulate matter and less water

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34
Q

Hypotonic

A

Hypoosmotic, less particulate matter and more water

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35
Q

Glucose

A

Usable sugar

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36
Q

Glycogen

A

Stored sugar

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37
Q

Glycolysis

A

Chemical process of converting sugar into ATP

38
Q

Hyperkalemia

A

Elevated blood potassium

39
Q

Hypokalemia

A

Low blood potassium

40
Q

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

A

The blueprint or textbook of life that translates into the making of all structures

41
Q

Glycoproteins

A

A signaling molecule that is made from protein and carbohydrates
Example: Sugar protein molecule

42
Q

Extracellular

A

Located outside the cell

43
Q

Intracellular

A

Located inside the cell

44
Q

Interstitial

A

Located between the cells

45
Q

Epithelial

A

A classification of tissue that lines or covers
Example: Skin (covers artery or vein)

46
Q

Erythrocyte

A

Red Blood Cell (RBC)

47
Q

Epigastric

A

Located above the stomach

48
Q

Hemocytology

A

The study of blood and its components

49
Q

Celluitis

A

Inflammation of the interstitial space
Example: Bacterial infection

50
Q

Hepatitis

A

Inflammation of the liver

51
Q

Lipolysis

A

The breakdown of lipids or the conversion of lipids for fuel
(Turns into ATP Energy)

52
Q

Microvascular

A

Small blood networking tubing
Example: Capillaries

53
Q

Myocardium

A

Heart Muscle

54
Q

Pathology

A

The study of disease

55
Q

Supraglenoid Fossa

A

Located above the shallow depression of the glenoid

56
Q

Glycocolyx

A

A coating on the surface of the epithelial cells
Example: Covering of the trachea

57
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

The framework of the cell
(Acts as transportation system)

58
Q

Microfilaments

A

Special proteins that make up the cystoskeleton

59
Q

Microtubules

A

Special proteins that make up the cytoskeleton

60
Q

Myosin

A

Specialized muscle protein responsible for contraction

61
Q

Microvilli

A

Used to increase surface areas on cells which increases absorption

62
Q

Cytosol

A

Cytoplasm, the fluid portion of the cell

63
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

A cellular organelle that is responsible for the protein synthesis fat and carbohydrate modification

64
Q

Autolysis

A

A process of self cutting on proteins that makes them active

65
Q

Denaturation

A

To unravel, break apart, or unfolding of proteins

66
Q

Perinuclear

A

Located around the nucleus

67
Q

Transcription

A

The process of DNA to RNA

68
Q

Monosaccharide

A

A single sugar molecule

69
Q

Monoacylglyceride

A

A single fat molecule

70
Q

Polypeptide

A

Many or large proteins

71
Q

Cytokinesis

A

The process of cell movement

72
Q

Endocytosis

A

The process of moving particulate matter into the cell

73
Q

Exocytosis

A

The process of moving particulate matter out of the cell

74
Q

Hemolysis

A

Red Blood Cell (RBC) destruction

75
Q

Endothelium

A

The inside layer or lining of a structure

76
Q

Exogenous

A

Manufactured or taken in from outside the body

77
Q

Endogenous

A

Manufactured from inside the body

78
Q

Kinase

A

An enzyme that transfers a phosphate

79
Q

Transmembrane

A

Across the membrane

80
Q

Antiangiogenetic Factor

A

A chemical that inhibits the growth of new blood cells

81
Q

Osteocyte

A

Bone cell

82
Q

Subserous Fascia

A

Connective tissue located under the serous lining

83
Q

Dysplasia

A

Abnormal growth

84
Q

Pericarditis

A

Inflammation around the heart

85
Q

Peritonitis

A

Inflammation of the peritoneum of the stomach

86
Q

Pleuritis

A

Inflammation of the pleural lining of the lungs

87
Q

Epidermal

A

Outside covering (Skin)

88
Q

Pseudostratified

A

A special category of epithelial tissue that is characterized by false layering

89
Q

Osmolality

A

The quantity of particulate matter dissolved in some standard volume of solution
Normal human osmolality is 286 mOsm

90
Q

Isoosmotic

A

Isotonic, a solution that represents 286 mOsm or physiological norm

91
Q

Hyperosmotic

A

Hypertonic, a solution with MORE particulate matter and LESS water which is ABOVE 286 mOsm

92
Q

Hypoosmotic

A

Hypotonic, a solution with LESS particles and MORE water that is LESS than 286 mOsm

Anatomy and Physiology 1 (7 decks)

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