Lab 10.2: The Blood Supply of the GI System

Question 1

falciform ligament

Answer 1

remnant of the ventral mesentery that attaches the liver to the underside of the diaphragm, and to the anterior abdominal wall as far inferiorly as the umbilicus
is composed of two layers of peritoneum that join the parietal peritoneum of the body wall to the visceral peritoneum of the liver
separates liver into right and left lobes

Question 2

round ligament

Answer 2

at the inferior free edge of the falciform ligament
extends to the umbilicus
a remnant of the umbilical vein which brought oxygenated blood from the umbilical cord to the fetal liver

Question 3

right and left coronary ligaments

Answer 3

peritoneal reflections that attaches the liver to the underside of the diaphragm
limits the right and left subphrenic spaces causing them to be dead ends

Question 4

gallbladder location

Answer 4

in RUQ extending out from the inferior border of the liver

adjacent to the 9th costal cartilage in the right midclavicular line

Question 5

left and right sub hepatic spaces

Answer 5

under the liver

right sub-hepatic space is the larger of the two and is aka as the hepatorenal recess or the Pouch of Morrison

Question 6

structures in contact with the visceral surface of the liver

Answer 6

gallbladder, stomach, first part of the duodenum, and the right colic flexure

Question 7

structures in contact with the liver via the parietal peritoneum of the hepatorenal recess

Answer 7

secondarily retroperitoneal portions of the digestive tract, the right kidney, and the suprarenal gland

Question 8

duodenum position in abdomen

Answer 8

first part is mobile but rest is fixed to the posterior body wall
except for its initial 2 cm, the duodenum is secondarily retroperitoneal

Question 9

stomach position

Answer 9

LUQ

Question 10

lesser omentum position and subdivision

Answer 10

extends from lesser curvature of the stomach to the visceral surface of the liver
subdivision: hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal ligaments

Question 11

lesser omentum origin and contents

Answer 11

a derivative of the ventral mesentery that connects the visceral peritoneum of the stomach with that of the liver
contains within its layers blood vessels that supply the stomach and liver, as well as ducts which convey the exocrine secretions of the liver to the duodenum

Question 12

omental/epiploic foramen position

Answer 12

located behind the hepatoduodenal ligament of the lesser omentum

Question 13

other structures positional relation to lesser sac

Answer 13

hepatoduodenal ligament is anterior
duodenum is inferior
liver is superior
IVC is posterior

Question 14

structures in the hepatoduodenal ligament

Answer 14

hepatic artery proper (arises from a branch of the celiac trunk)
common bile duct (carries bile to the duodenum)
hepatic portal vein (drains venous blood from the digestive tract to the liver)

Question 15

spleen position and appearance

Answer 15

LUQ posterior to the stomach
intraperitoneal
should fit in hand unless enlarged
deep red to purple in colour because of rich blood supply

Question 16

blood supply to spleen and stomach

Answer 16

celiac trunk gives off splenic artery which runs to the left retroperitoneally anterior to the left kidney, then passes through the splenorenal ligament to enter the hilus of the spleen
at the hilus of the spleen, splenic artery gives off branches that supply the stomach, the short gastric arteries and the left gastro-omental artery which access the stomach via the gastrosplenic artery

Question 17

greater omentum position

Answer 17

expanded derivative of the dorsal mesentery

extends from the greater curvature of the stomach to th posterior wall

Question 18

greater omentum contents

Answer 18

left and right gastro-omental (gastroepiploic) arteries
left gastro-omental artery is a branch of the splenic artery that passes through the gastrosplenic ligament
right gastro-omental artery arises from a branch of the celiac trunk
these arteries anastomose within the layers of the greater omentum along the greater curvature of the stomach

Question 19

jejunum and ileum position

Answer 19

jejunum: LUQ
ileum: RLQ
both are intraperitoneal

Question 20

root of SI mesentery orientation

Answer 20

extends from LUQ to RLQ

Question 21

LI components

Answer 21

cecum and ileocecal junction, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon

Question 22

LI components position

Answer 22

ascending and descending colon are secondarily retroperitoneal
transverse and sigmoid colon are intraperitoneal and are attached by the transverse mesocolon and sigmoid mesocolon

Question 23

transverse mesocolon

Answer 23

mesentery for transverse colon, attaches to posterior body wall
is fused to the underside of the greater omentum, occurring early in the postnatal period

Question 24

branches of the SMA

Answer 24

right colic artery: supplies the ascending colon, secondarily retroperitoneal
middle colic artery: supplies the transverse colon, runs in the transverse mesocolon

Question 25

branches of the IMA

Answer 25

left colic artery: supplies the descending colon, secondarily retroperitoneal sigmoid arteries: supplies the sigmoid colon, runs in the sigmoid mesocolon superior rectal artery: supplies the rectum, retroperitoneal