LAB

Question 1

semisolid preparations applied on skin and mucous membranes

Answer 1

OINTMENTS (Unguentum)

Question 2

Ointment Bases

Answer 2

1. Oleaginous Base/ Hydrocarbon Base
2. Absorption Base
3. Water-removable Base
4. Water-soluble Base

Question 3

It is Greasy, Anhydrous, Emollient, Occlusive effect, Non-water washable

Answer 3

OLEAGINOUS BASES

Question 4

mixture of semisolid hydrocarbon from petrolatum

Answer 4

Petrolatum USP / Yellow Petrolatum / Petroleum Jelly

Question 5

Bleached form of Petrolatum USP

Answer 5

White Petrolatum

Question 6

From honeybees/ honeycomb of Apis mellifera

Answer 6

YELLOW WAX / BEESWAX

Question 7

Bleached form of wax

Answer 7

WHITE WAX

Question 8

Yellow petrolatum + yellow wax

Answer 8

Yellow Ointment / Simple Ointment

Question 9

White petrolatum + white wax

Answer 9

White Ointment

Question 10

It is Greasy, Anhydrous, Emollient, Occlusive effect, Non-water washable
(can absorb small amount of water > will form w/o)

Answer 10

ABSORPTION BASES

Question 11

Contains:
- White wax
- White Petrolatum
- Stearyl Alcohol
- Cholesterol

Answer 11

HYDROPHILIC PETROLATUM (AQUAPHOR)

Question 12

from wool of sheep (Ovis aries)
- 0.25% moisture

Answer 12

ANHYDROUS LANOLIN

Question 13

has 25% moisture

Answer 13

HYDROUS LANOLIN

Question 14

• o/w emulsion
• Non-greasy, non-occlusive, water washable
• Can be diluted with large amount of water

Answer 14

WATER-REMOVABLE BASES

Question 15

No oleaginous component
- lipid-free ; greaseless; non-occlusive; water-washable
- For incorporation of solid substances

Answer 15

WATER-SOLUBLE BASES

Question 16

MW <600

Answer 16

CLEAR, COLORLESS LIQUID

Question 17

MW >1000

Answer 17

WAX-LIKE WHITE SOLID

Question 18

MW 600-1000

Answer 18

SEMISOLID

Question 19

use of ointment roller mills to mix heat-sensitive ointment bases.

Answer 19

INCORPORATION

Question 20

use of steam-jacketed kettles to melt anhydrous ointment bases and cooling gradually until congealed

Answer 20

FUSION

Question 21

More liquid in consistency than ointment therefore more spreadable to the skin

Answer 21

CREAMS

Question 22

Semisolid dosage form in which the drug is dissolved or dispersed in either o/w or w/o emulsion base or any type of water-removable base

applied to larger areas of skin

Answer 22

CREAMS

Question 23

Water will evaporate and a thin film of stearic acid will remain

Answer 23

VANISHING CREAM

Question 24

COMPONENTS:
-Large percentage of H2O
-Humectant (polyhydric alcohol) -Stearic acid

Answer 24

VANISHING CREAM

Question 25

w/o base

Answer 25

COLD CREAM / PETROLATUM ROSE WATER OINTMENT

Question 26

Clear, colorless dispersion systems which are rendered jelly-like by the addition of a gelling agent

Answer 26

GELS

Question 27

Jelly like consistency - Thixotropy

Answer 27

GELS

Question 28

Semisolid preps applied on the skin containing a larger proportion of solid materials (>25%) -Stiffer than ointments

Answer 28

PASTE

Question 29

Topical protectant (treatment & protection of diaper rash)

Answer 29

ZnO paste

Question 30

antipruritic that contains ZnO

Answer 30

CALAMINE LOTION

Question 31

are applied to the skin for the long term. They are melted before application, cooled to slightly above body temperature and applied to the affected area with a fine brush.

Answer 31

GLYCEROGELATIN

Question 32

treatment of varicose ulcers

Answer 32

ZINC GELATIN BOOT

Question 33

Solid masses inserted into a body cavity in which they melt at body temperature or dissolve into the aqueous secretions of the body orifice.

Answer 33

SUPPOSITORY

Question 34

- It is given when oral route is not possible: coma, vomiting, infants

Answer 34

SUPPOSITORIES

Question 35

Suppository base used in Rectal, Urethral -melts at body temperature

Answer 35

OLEAGINOUS BASES

Question 36

- from seeds of Theobroma cacao - most common base for rectal suppositories -solid @32°C ; melts @ 34-35°C

Answer 36

COCOA BUTTER

Question 37

more than 1 crystal form

Answer 37

POLYMORPHISM

Question 38

Mixture of triglycerides. From coconuts

Answer 38

WECOBEE

Question 39

Mixture of saturated fatty acid; major component: Lauric acid

Answer 39

WITEPSOL

Question 40

Suppository based used for Vaginal suppository -Aqueous environment

Answer 40

WATER-SOLUBLE / MISCIBLE

Question 41

most common base for pessaries

Answer 41

GLYCERINATED GELATIN

Question 42

alternative base for pessaries

Answer 42

POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL

Question 43

oldest; simplest method of preparation - disadvantage: variance in appearance

Answer 43

HAND MOLDING

Question 44

- avoids heat - problem: air entrapment; weight variation

Answer 44

COMPRESSION MOLDING

Question 45

- most common method - base is melted and poured to molds - Lubricant is needed (mineral oil)

Answer 45

POUR / MELT MOLDING