Lab 2

Question 1

A protist is the______ domain.

Answer 1

Eukarya

Question 2

What is the focus of this lab?

Answer 2

Animal like, plant like, and fungus like, are what we are focusing on.

Question 3

Eukaryotes are mostly…which means they are not…

Answer 3

Unicellular…animals, plants, or fungi.

Question 4

The animal like protist is called

Answer 4

Protozoans

Question 5

How many species are in the kingdom Protista?

Answer 5

200,000-500,000

Question 6

What simple Eukaryotes are plant like?

Answer 6

algae and diatoms

Question 7

What simple Eukaryotes are fungi like?

Answer 7

Slime molds

Question 8

Where are Protists mostly found?

Answer 8

Moist environments

Question 9

Lumpers

Answer 9

Morphologically similar organisms should be grouped until we find that they are different.

Question 10

Splitters

Answer 10

Organisms should be viewed as unrelated until we find that they are.

Question 11

Wait is lab 2 about?

Answer 11

Kingdom Protista

Question 12

What clades and sub clades go under Protozoans?

Answer 12

Clade Euglenozoa
Sub-clade: Euglenoids
Sub-clade: Kinetoplastids

Question 13

What characteristics are unique to Sub-clade: Kinetoplastids?

Answer 13

Flagella, undulating membrane, unicellular, heterotrophic, asexual and sexual reproduction

Question 14

What characteristic is unique to Sub-clade: Euglenoids?

Answer 14

2 flagella, eyespot (stigma)- just senses light and dark, often photosynthetic

Question 15

trypanosoma

Answer 15

African sleeping sickness, Chagas disease Charles Darwin died from it.

Question 16

trychonympha

Answer 16

produce enzymes which break down wood in termite gut (mutualism)

Question 17

More Protozoans clades and sub clades

Answer 17

Clade Alveolata

Sub-clade: Dinoflagellates

Question 18

Sub-clade: Dinoflagellates

Answer 18

Freshwater or marine, with 2 flagella
Reproduce asexually only
Red tide
Produce a neurotoxin which can kill fish/accumulate in shellfish tissue
Can be bioluminescent

Question 19

Red tide

Answer 19

population explosion which results in a “slick” of dinoflagellates covering surface of water

Question 20

Protozoans

Answer 20

Clade Alveolata
Sub-clade: Apicomplexans
Sub-clade: Ciliates

Question 21

Sub-clade: Apicomplexans

Answer 21

Heterotrophic parasites of animals

Plasmodium causes malaria

Question 22

Sub-clade: Ciliates

Answer 22

Covered in cilia – filaments used for movemment and feeding
Micronuclei used in sexual reproduction (conjugation)
Macronuclei used in physiological functions
Paramecium – free swimming, oral feeding grove, reproduces sexually
Vorticella – stalked, sessile, cilia draw in water/ food, reproduces either sexually or asexually

Question 23

Protista: Algae & Diatoms

Answer 23

Perform approx. ½ of the atmospheric carbon fixation

Question 24

Cellular organization of Protista: Algae & Diatoms

Answer 24

Unicellular: single free-living cell, some are motile
Filamentous: chains of cells attached end to end, some are motile, branched/unbranched
Colonial: groups of cells attached to ea.other (flat sheet, or spherical)
Multicellular: 3D, specialization of cell function

Question 25

Green algae (chlorophyta) have been moved to

Answer 25

Viridiplantae

Question 26

Protista: Algae and Diatoms clades and sub-clades

Answer 26

``` Clade Stramenopila (brown algae and diatoms) not plants. Sub-clade: Phaeophyta (brown algae) ```

Question 27

Sub-clade: Phaeophyta (brown algae)

Answer 27

Large species have blades (leaf-like), bladder, stipe, holdfast (not a true root) Provide habitat for many animals species Ex. Baby sea turtles Fucus – rockweed, grows in cool marine intertidal zone Male and female

Question 28

Name of Large species have blades (leaf-like), bladder, stipe, holdfast (not a true root) (fig. 6,7)

Answer 28

Stramenopila-Not a true root because it doesn't deliver nutrients to the rest of the plant.

Question 29

Clade Stramenopila: Brown Algae are like us because...

Answer 29

Diplontic life cycle – diploid cellular form for most of the life cycle, haploid reproductive cells

Question 30

Conceptacles

Answer 30

cavities on blades that hold/protect reproductive structures, Protect them from damage when they are exposed to air.

Question 31

Oogonia

Answer 31

eggs

Question 32

Antheridia

Answer 32

sperm

Question 33

Diploid and haploid top or bottom

Answer 33

diploid=top | haploid=bottom

Question 34

Clade Rhodophyta (red algae)

Answer 34

warm marine species, no flagellated cells

Question 35

Protista: Protozoans

Answer 35

``` Clade Rhizopoda Clade Foraminifera (“bears little holes”) ```

Question 36

Clade Foraminifera (“bears little holes”)

Answer 36

“Shelled” amoebas: heterotrophic, marine

Question 37

Clade Rhizopoda

Answer 37

Amoebas: heterotrophic and single celled(A-morphic constatly changing its shape) Brain-eating amoeba. Thru nose and enters sprain. Brain becomes inflaamed.

Question 38

Pseudopods

Answer 38

(false feet)-allows movement in any direction, track and follow food

Question 39

Protista: Slime molds

Answer 39

Clade Myxomycota- | grow around and eat it that’s why its not a fungus and fungus feeds by