Lab 2 and Lab 3 Bio 231 Flashcards by owen lee

physiological part of integumentary system is mechanical and keeps things outside t/f

False; deals with immunity

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Removal of nitrogenous waste is through the _____glands

sweat

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Is vit. D a hormone on the skin? used for _________development. Comes from _________

yes; bone; UV light

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largest organ of integument

skin

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is the hypodermis a true layer t/f?

false; but it contributes to the fat stores

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synthesize protein that adds strength and waterproofing of cells most abundant

keratinocytes

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produces melanin; restricted to basal layer

melanocytes

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Langerhan’s cells(dendritic cells or modified wbc’s) are_________cells of skin

immune;

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attached to sensory neuron/sensory perception cells

Merkel’s cells

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controls color of skin

melanocytes

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merkel cell +sensory neuron=

merkel’s disk

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Dermal papillae form the _________________

fingerprints

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inner layer of the dermis comprised of dense irregular connective tissue; netlike appearnace

reticular layer

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collagen fibers, connective tissue, elastic fibers, nipple like extension are controlled by this layer

papillary

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Deepest layer. Made of living cuboidal cells. Find melanocytes,
Merckel’s disks and keratinocytes in this layer

stratum basale

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Larger layer. Cells in this layer are alive until they get near
the next level. Have a spiny or prickly appearance.

stratum spinosum

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below dermis; adipose tissue (subcutaneous injections given here)

hypodermis

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red, swollen pain sunburn

first degree burn

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partial thickness burn; red/swollen; extremely painful blisters

second degree burns

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full thickness burn; burns dermis/epidermis; not painful; numbing; nerve ending damaged

third degree burn

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blisters can be associated with toxins, chemicals, radiation. t/f

True

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Transition zone for skin cells. Has 3-5 layers. Appears
granular or darker in color. It looks grainy. In this area the keratinocytes begin
to die and start to fill with keratin.

stratum granulosum

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This is NOT found in all skin. ONLY thick skin (such as the

soles of the feet). Has 2-4 layers of dead cells filled with keratin.

stratum lucidum

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Made of 20-30 sublayers of dead, keratinocytes filled with

keratin. These look like “shingles” on a house. This is the most superficial layer.

stratum corneum

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large blister

bullae

true glands are _________in nature. they are compact and close together.

epithelial

can a single cell be a gland

yes

produces mucus in simple columnar | epithelium: Easy to see!

goblet cell

exocrene and endrocrine is second way to classify glands t/f

True

Duct/removal of secretion=endocrine t/f

False; exocrine

relies on bloodstream to carry secretions

endocrine

cell contributes whole top; vesicles go into the surface.

apocrine

Third way to classify glands is merocrine, apocrine, and holocrine t/f

true

gland contributes wo whole cell; replaced by mitosis. accumulate vesicles and secretions through the entire cell and then the whole cell ruptures releasing product. Example:sebaceous gland

Holocrine gland

eponychium is the root of the nail t/f

true

Hyponychium is underneath nail t/f

true

3 types of ducts are coiled tubular, compound acinar, and compound tubuloacinar T/F Name example of each:

True; coiled tubular-sweat gland; compound acinar-mammary gland; compound tubuloacinar: pancreas

Cortex, medulla, cuticle, and glassy membrane are structures of the nail T/F

False; for Hair

hyponychium is the part we cut off of nail t/f

True

Lunula is a structure of the ___________

nail

follicles are under skin t/f

true

moves stem cells from bone marrow to other body parts, moves nutrients from digestive system to cells, transports oxygen/Co2,

Blood

white blood cells destroy_____________via___________

pathogens; phagocytosis

initiate blood clotting

platelets

92 percent of blood is comprised of

water

Albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen are

plasma proteins

Make antibodies and transport proteins

globulins

clotting proteins are

fibrinogen

deal with osmotic pressure and viscosity (flow of blood)

albumins

t/f Blood carries CO2 away

true

hemoglobin carries oxygen throughout body t/f

true

Biconcave disc; no nucleus lifespan 120 days; produce hemoglobin

Erythrocyte or red blood cell

large, amoeboid looking cells, 5000-10000 in blood; are for immunity

leukocytes (white blood cells)

kupfer cells are modified monocytes in liver/spleen phagocytically remove dead blood cells T/F

True

Granular leukocytes include neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils T/F

True

Agranular leukocytes include lymphocytes and monocytes T/F

True

Trigger allergic reaction and secrete histamine

Basophils

Suppress allergic reactions protect against parasitic worms

eosinophils

60-70 % of your white blood cells and used in early bacterial infections are called ____________

Neutrophils

T/F A person with leukopenia has too few white blood cells, and may have increased risk of infections

True

Disease of too many white blood cells

Leukemia

composed of B and T cells ; referred to as natural killer cells; deeply stained and eccentric

Lymphocytes

Kidney shaped wbc's highly involved in phagocytosis

monocytes

T/F people with sickle cell anemia are usually of african american decent and are resistant to malaria

True

"nn" would indicate sickle cell disease

True

sickle cell disease is autosomal recessive t/f

True

A person with NN genotype would not be affected by sickle cell disease t/f

True

Nn is a carrier of sickle cell disease t/f

true

cancer of leukocytes resulting from uncontrolled cell division

leukemia

pain in bones; muscle weakness, shortness of breath, weight loss, fever, swelling, easy bleeding, purple patches or spots, fatigue, frequent infections is associated with

leukemia

determines percent of red blood cells

hematocrit

40.7-50.3 percent is normal hematocrit for males t/f

true

36.1-44.3 percent hematocrit is normal for females t/f

True

Contains wbc's and platelets

Buffy Coat

Iron is a component of hemoglobin t/f

true

mm/rbc / total mm of column of blood x 100 percent is formula for determining

hematocrit

Rh factor determines if blood type is positive or negative; absence of the factor means a negative blood type t/f

true

Rhogam can be given in early pregnancy to desensitize the mother to baby's blood if the baby is Rh + T/F

Rh- mother and Rh+ baby could result in ___________________________

miscarriage or HDN (hemolytic disease of the newborn)

Type AB blood contains both A/B antigens t/f

True

Type B blood contains A antigens t/f

false; contains b antigens

Type O blood has no antigens t/f

True

Actual Blood Type is the genotype t/f

False; phenotype

BB or Bo would be type B blood

True

Lab 2 and Lab 3 Bio 231 Flashcards

(84 cards)