Lab 24-26-27 Vertebrates and Mammalian Anatomy

Question 1

Characteristics of Chordates

Answer 1

1. Dorsal tubular nerve cord 2. Dorsal supporting rod - Notochord 3. Post anal tail 4. Pharyngeal pouches 5. Endostyle

Question 2

Pharyngeal pouches become ______

Answer 2

Gill slits

Question 3

Two subphylum of chordates

Answer 3

1. Urochordata 2. Cephalochordata

Question 4

Animal in Urochordata

Answer 4

Tunicates (Sea Squirts)

Question 5

Have incurrent and excurrent siphons, and gill slits

Answer 5

Tunicates

Question 6

Animal in Cephalochordata

Answer 6

Lancelet (Amphioxus)

Question 7

• Small, fishlike, shallow marine waters, burrow in bottom - Anterior end projects from sand

Answer 7

Lancelet (Amphioxus)

Question 8

Characteristics of Vertebrates

Answer 8

1. Vertebral column 2. Skull and cephalization 3. Bilateral symmetry 4. Segmented 5. Endoskeleton 6. Two pairs of appendages

Question 9

All jawless fish

Answer 9

Superclass Agnatha

Question 10

Means jaw mouth

Answer 10

Superclass Gnathostomata

Question 11

Cartilaginous fish – sharks, skates, rays

Answer 11

Class Chondrichthyes

Question 12

Bony fish – herring, salmon, sturgeon, eels

Answer 12

Osteichtyes

Question 13

salamanders, newts, frogs, toads

Answer 13

Class Amphibia

Question 14

snakes, lizards, turtles, tortoises

Answer 14

Class Reptilia

Question 15

birds – sparrows, penguins, ostriches

Answer 15

Class Aves

Question 16

Three types of animals under Mammalia

Answer 16

1. Monotremes 2. Marsupials 3. Placental Mammals

Question 17

Spiny anteater, duckbill platypus

Answer 17

Monotremes

Question 18

Opossum, kangaroo

Answer 18

Marsupials

Question 19

Whales, rodents, elephants, dogs, cats, horses, bats, humans

Answer 19

Placental Mammals

Question 20

How many chambers does an Amphibian heart have?

Answer 20

Three chambers

Question 21

Parts of an amphibian heart

Answer 21

• Two atrium - One ventricle

Question 22

What kind of circulation does an amphibian heart have?

Answer 22

Double loop circulation

Question 23

Heart circulation pattern in amphibians

Answer 23

Heart pumps blood to both gills and body

Question 24

How many chambers does a fish heart have?

Answer 24

Two chambers

Question 25

Parts of a fish heart

Answer 25

- One atrium - One ventricle

Question 26

What kind of circulation does a fish heart have?

Answer 26

Single loop circulation

Question 27

Heart circulation pattern in fish

Answer 27

Blood pumped to gill region where gas exchange takes place

Question 28

How many chambers do mammals and birds have in their heart ?

Answer 28

Four chambers

Question 29

Parts of a mammal and bird heart

Answer 29

- Two atrium - Two ventricle

Question 30

How does the heart circulation in amphibians and birds work?

Answer 30

Right side pumps blood to lungs, and the left side pumps blood to the entire body

Question 31

Respiration in amphibians

Answer 31

Breathe through their skin in water and lungs

Question 32

Amphibians have what kind of breathing?

Answer 32

Positive pressure breathing

Question 33

Swallows air and then pushes air into lungs

Answer 33

Positive pressure breathing

Question 34

How do fish breathe?

Answer 34

Breathes through gills to remove oxygen from water

Question 35

The respiratory cycle in fish

Answer 35

1. Mouth 2. Pharynx 3. Gills 4. Capillaries

Question 36

How do birds breathe?

Answer 36

Have air sacs to pass air one way to lungs

Question 37

How do mammals breathe?

Answer 37

They have a diaphragm

Question 38

Mammals have what kind of breathing?

Answer 38

Negative pressure breathing

Question 39

Thorax expands, then air is drawn in

Answer 39

Negative pressure breathing

Question 40

Digestion in amphibians

Answer 40

1. Mouth 2. Esophagus 3. Stomach 4. Small intestine 5. Large intestine 6. Cloaca

Question 41

Digestion in fish, birds, and mammals

Answer 41

1. Mouth 2. Esophagus 3. Stomach 4. Small intestine 5. Large intestine 6. Rectum 7. Anus

Question 42

What group does not have a gallbladder?

Answer 42

Birds

Question 43

What are the parts to an amphibians urinary system?

Answer 43

- Long, slim kidneys - Mesonephric duct that transports urine - Urinary bladder that empties into the cloaca

Question 44

Urinary system in fish

Answer 44

Kidney

Question 45

What are the parts to a bird's urinary system?

Answer 45

- Kidneys - Ureters - Cloaca - NO urinary bladder

Question 46

What are the parts to a mammal's urinary system?

Answer 46

- Kidneys - Ureters - Urinary bladder - Urethra

Question 47

An amphibians and mammalian reproductive system contains what two things?

Answer 47

- Testes in males - Ovaries in females

Question 48

What carries sperm into kidney ducts in amphibians?

Answer 48

Vasa efferentia

Question 49

What leads to cloaca in amphibians?

Answer 49

Oviducts

Question 50

What connects to the urinary system in the male reproductive system in mammals?

Answer 50

Reproductive ducts

Question 51

Reproductive ducts have no connection to _____ in the female mammalian reproductive system?

Answer 51

Urinary system

Question 52

Three categories of fishes

Answer 52

1. Jawless fish 2. Cartilaginous fish 3. Bony fish

Question 53

Two types of bony fish

Answer 53

1. Ray finned fish 2. Lobe finned fish

Question 54

Blood flow in the heart

Answer 54

a. Right Atria (Blood has no oxygen) b. Right Ventricle c. Pulmonary artery pumps blood to lungs where it picks up Oxygen d. Left atrium pumps to the left ventricle (strong part) e. Pushes to rest of the body

Question 55

Pig Anatomy

Answer 55

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Question 56

Frog Anatomy

Answer 56

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Question 57

Pigeon Anatomy

Answer 57

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