lab 3 cerebellum and bs

Question 1

the pyramids lay on which side of the medulla?

Answer 1

ventral

Question 2

the gracile and cuneatus nuclei lay on which side of the medulla?

Answer 2

dorsal

Question 3

what is the function of the gracile and cueatus nuclei?

Answer 3

get touch-pressure info from spinal cord and give it to contralateral ventroposterior thalamus

Question 4

the medial leminscous (which later becomes internal arcuate) is axons from which structures?

Answer 4

cuneatus and gracile nuclei (ML eventually moves more and more lateral as you go higher in BS)

Question 5

the inferioir olivary complex is located where?

Answer 5

laterally to pyramids (external bumps) in cross sections, looks like guts (lateral to pyramids)

Question 6

inf olivary complex is invovled in

Answer 6

integrating sensory-motor info that’s sent to cerebellum

Question 7

the medial opening to the ventricular system (where CSF gets to the subarachnoid space) is called the

Answer 7

foramen of magendie

Question 8

the lateral openings to ventricular system (which are IDd by the bit of choroid plexus coming out) are

Answer 8

formena of lushka

Question 9

what are the funcitons of the cerebellar peduncles>

Answer 9

to attach cerebellum to pons; to carry info to/from cerebellum

Question 10

the dorsal column nuclei are aka

Answer 10

cuneate and gracile

Question 11

the pyramidal tracts carry information ___ to CNS

Answer 11

away from (motor output)

Question 12

name two pathways the pons contains

Answer 12

ascending touch-pressure (DCN) and descending Pyramidal tracts

Question 13

the cerebral peduncle is part of which brain division and is for?

Answer 13

mesencephalon(just above pons and on either side of mam bodies) , for ascedning/descending pathways to/from bs

Question 14

what is the substansia nigra for and where do its axons terminate

Answer 14

critical for selection/initiation of movement (dopaminergic pathway; damaged in PD) axons terminate in STRIATUM

Question 15

what is the function of the red nucleus

Answer 15

the red nucleus, receives inputs from cortical motoneurons and cerebellum; output to cerebellum via inferior olivary nucleus and to spinal cord; involved in smooth movement of limbs and digits as a group.

Question 16

where do VTA neurons terminate?

Answer 16

NAcc, prfrontalcortex, hippocampus

Question 17

diencephalon includes

Answer 17

thalamus, hypothalamus, mamilary bodies

Question 18

thalamus does what

Answer 18

relays sensory/motor info, regulate arousal

Question 19

hypothalamus does what

Answer 19

endocrine function and regulatory behaviors thermoreg/eat/drink/fuck

Question 20

cerebrocerebellar pathway involves what kind of movements?

Answer 20

fractionated movements (such as moving individual digits, like playing piano)

Question 21

red nucleus is involved in

Answer 21

smooth limb movements by getting input from cerebellum/ctx. Also gives output to cerebellum too.

Question 22

the vermis is involved in which cerebellar pathway, and what is its function?

Answer 22

spinocerebellar; involved in processing of proprioceptive info and generates smooth movements by tracking gross body movements

Question 23

lesions to the spinalcerebellum pathway result in

Answer 23

dysmetria (problems in reaching) or disdiadachokinesia (issues w rapidly alternating mo

Question 24

(at the peripheral level) what produces information that the spinalcerebellar pathway processes?

Answer 24

mechanoreceptors

Question 25

mamilary bodies do what

Answer 25

declaritive memory/ emotion

Question 26

the fastest conducting axons are where

Answer 26

motor plans/sensory input to CEREBELLUM

Question 27

the fastest conducting axons are where

Answer 27

motor plans/sensory input to CEREBELLUM

Question 28

order the three lobes of the cerebellum by descending size

Answer 28

posterior lobe(largest), anterior, flocculonodular

Question 29

the primary fissure separates

Answer 29

the anterior and posterior lobes

Question 30

which cerebellar peduncle can you see from a surface view?

Answer 30

middle

Question 31

the third ventricle is located where

Answer 31

(dorsally) above the pineal body/between habenula halves (ventrally) p much in the hypothalamus

Question 32

pyramidal tracts carry what info?

Answer 32

descending motor

Question 33

pyramidal tracts carry what info?

Answer 33

descending motor

Question 34

area postrema and the obex are on which surface of the medulla

Answer 34

dorsal

Question 35

lesions to the vestibulorcerebellar pathway cause

Answer 35

problems with gait, (staggering), vertigo, or nystagmus (issues with eye movements)

Question 36

the vermis and medial part of the cerebellar hemispheres are involved in which pathway

Answer 36

spinocerebellar (coordination of gross limb movements, info from joints/muscles/skin)

Question 37

in CCAS, deficits in ____are more linked to damage of the vermis, whereas deficits in _____are more linked to damage of the cerebellar hemispheres.

Answer 37

affect ; cognition