Lab 3 - pulmonary function tests

Question 1

spiro = ?
meter = ?

Answer 1

breath

to measure

Question 2

name the four non-overlapping primary lung volumes

Answer 2

tidal volume
inspiratory reserve volume
expiratory reserve volume
residual volume

Question 3

what is tidal volume (Vt)

Answer 3

the volume of air inhaled OR exhaled during a single breath during normal breathing

Question 4

what is inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)

Answer 4

the volume of air that can be maximally inhaled at the end of a normal tidal inspiration

Question 5

what are the normal IRV for young females and males

Answer 5

1900mL for young females

3000mL for young males

Question 6

t/f IRV increases during exercise

Answer 6

false, it decreases

Question 7

what is expiratory reserve volume (ERV)

Answer 7

the volume of air that can be maximally exhaled at the end of a normal tidal

Question 8

what are the normal ERV for young females and males

Answer 8

700mL in young females

1100mL in young males

Question 9

t/f ERV decreases with exercise

Answer 9

true

Question 10

what is residual volume (RV)

Answer 10

the volume of gas remaining in the lungs after a forced (maximal) exhalation

Question 11

t/f RV can easily be measured

Answer 11

false, will be estimated (1L)

Question 12

what is a pulmonary capacity

Answer 12

sum of two or more primary lung volumes

Question 13

name the 4 pulmonary capacities

Answer 13

inspiration capacity
functional residual capacity
vital capacity
total lung capacity

Question 14

what is inspiratory capacity (IC)

Answer 14

the maximum volume that can be inhaled from the end of a normal resting exhalation (IC = Vt + IRV)

Question 15

what is functional residual capacity (FRC)

Answer 15

the volume of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal resting exhalation (FRC = ERV + RV)

Question 16

what is vital capacity (VC)

Answer 16

the greatest volume of gas that can be exhaled by maximal effort after a maximal inhalation (VC = ERV + IRV + Vt)

Question 17

what is total lung capacity (TLC)

Answer 17

the volume of gas in the lungs at the time of maximal inhalation . it is the sum of VC and RV (TLC = IRV + Vt + ERV + RV)

Question 18

most significant volume in terms of assessing pulmonary health

Answer 18

Vital capacity (VC)

Question 19

t/f if the VC is reduced there is likely a presence of pulmonary disease

Answer 19

true, but need more diagnosis measurement

Question 20

what is the Fev1

Answer 20

forced expiratory volume in 1 second (L)

Question 21

What does the forced expiration test (FEv1 & FVC) reflect (2)

Answer 21

the flow resistance properties of the airways & mechanical properties of the large and medium-sized airways

Question 22

ratio that provides an effective way of differentiating between
normal, obstructive, restrictive and potentially mixed pulmonary conditions

Answer 22

Fev1/FVC

Question 23

under normal conditions, the FEv1/FVC ratio is __

Answer 23

0.70 or greater

Question 24

under normal conditions, the percent predicted values of Fev1 and FVC are ___

Answer 24

≥ 80%

Question 25

in conditions where the airways are obstructed, what happens to FEv1 and FVC

Answer 25

FVC is normal | Fev1 is reduced under 80%

Question 26

name 3 conditions where airways are obstructed

Answer 26

asthma emphysema chronic bronchitis

Question 27

in conditions where the lung volume is reduced, what happens to FEv1 and FVC

Answer 27

FVC is compromised | FEV1/FVC ratio may be normal or even greater

Question 28

name 3 conditions where lung volume is reduced

Answer 28

pulmonary fibrosis scoliosis tuberculosis

Question 29

what is MBC

Answer 29

maximal breathing capacity

Question 30

what is the maximal breathing capacity

Answer 30

maximum volume of air that can be exhaled over a specified period of time

Question 31

MBC test provides information on 4 things

Answer 31

airway resistance, lung elasticity, lung compliance, respiratory muscle mechanics

Question 32

MBC normal value of the ratio btw value and predicted value

Answer 32

≥ 0.80

Question 33

what does a value below 0.80 indicates for MBC

Answer 33

presence of disease or poor effort