lab 5 cartilage

Question 1

what are the three types of cartilage

Answer 1

hyaline, elastic, and fibrous cartilage.

Question 2

most prevalent cartilage in vertebrates.

Answer 2

hyaline

Question 3

In the fetus, ____ cartilage forms most of the skeletal blueprint before it is replaced by bone and bone marrow through a process known as ____

Answer 3

hyaline
endochondral ossification

Question 4

In adults, hyaline cartilage persists ____

Answer 4

as the nasal, laryngeal, tracheobronchial, and costal cartilages, articular surface of synovial joints (e.g. knee, shoulder).

Question 5

this tissue has tremendous resilience and is uniquely suited for withstanding compressive forces.

Answer 5

hyaline cartilage

Question 6

ECM of hyaline cartilage

Answer 6

Iavascular extracellular matrix (ECM)

thin (type II collagen)

amorphous material consisting largely of sulfated proteoglycans

(e.g. the large proteoglycan aggrecan, which contains aggregates of hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate and keratan sulfate)

Question 7

Hyaline cartilage amorphous ground substance is made of

Answer 7

sulfated proteoglycans (e.g. the large proteoglycan aggrecan, which contains aggregates of hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate and keratan sulfate).

Question 8

The sulfate groups on the chondroitin and keratan sulfate molecules strongly attract ___ dyes and thus determine the basophilic staining characteristic of cartilage.

Thus, if your slide is stained with H&E, the cartilage ECM will stain a ____

Answer 8

basic
very strong purple

Question 9

Most cartilages are sheathed by a two-layered ____

Answer 9

perichondrium

Question 10

The outermost layer of the perichondrium consists of _____ the cells (____) in this layer are spindle-shaped.

Answer 10

dense irregular connective tissue (type I collagen)

fibroblasts

Question 11

The inner layer is ____ consisting of 2-3 layers of flattened, fibroblast-like ____cells.

Answer 11

chondrogenic
chondrogenic

Question 12

young cartilage cells)

Answer 12

chondroblasts

Question 13

chondroblasts secrete ECM and become trapped within it. They are then called ___

Answer 13

chondrocytes.

During tissue preparation, chondrocytes retract from the lacunar walls, often leaving gaping holes. This shrinkage is an artifact and does not exist in life.

Question 14

daughter cells of condocytes are called ___ and are separated by a very narrow _____

Answer 14

isogenous groups
matrical septum

Question 15

The ECM immediately enveloping the chondrocytes is the ____.

Answer 15

territorial matrix,

Question 16

The ECM that is farther away from the chondrocytes that is paler is the ____

Answer 16

interterritorial matrix

Question 17

The ECM of elastic cartilage contains:

Answer 17

elastic fibers
type II collagen
sulfated proteoglycans

Question 18

Elastic cartilage is found in the___

Answer 18

auricle of the external ear, and a major portion of the epiglottis.

Question 19

Elastic cartilage has ___

Answer 19

remarkable flexibility and the ability to regain its original shape after deformation

Question 20

The elastic fibers in an H &E slide are ____
Weigert’s _____
Orcein ____

Answer 20

pale pink
purple
red

Question 21

true or false
elastic cartilage is vascular in adults

Answer 21

false

EC is Avascular is adults

Question 22

____ is generally avascular, and lacks a perichondrium. It is a hybrid tissue, with many characteristics of dense connective tissue and hyaline cartilage

Answer 22

Fibrous Cartilage

Question 23

ECM of fibrous cartilage have ___

Answer 23

type 1 and type 11 collagen fibers
low concentration of proteoglycans.

Question 24

What color is fibrous cartilage

Answer 24

opaque

Question 25

Where can you find fibrous cartilage

Answer 25

located in transitional zones between hyaline cartilage and dense connective tissue. pubic symphyses, intervertebral discs, and at points where tendons insert into bones.

Question 26

home of condrocytes

Answer 26

lacunae

Question 27

in fibrous cartilage isogenous groups are in

Answer 27

rows

Question 28

intra-cartilaginous ossification is another name for

Answer 28

Endochondral ossification

Question 29

periosteal bone and many cranial bones, arise through \_\_\_\_

Answer 29

intramembranous ossification

Question 30

epiphyseal plates or discs is another name for

Answer 30

cartilaginous growth plates

Question 31

what are the zones of EO growth

Answer 31

zone of resting zone of proliferation zone of hypertrophy zone of degradation zone of ossification

Question 32

this zone is unaffected by EO, and is recognizable as being closest to the epiphysis and by containing randomly scattered chondrocytes

Answer 32

Resting zone (or “zone of reserve cartilage”)

Question 33

“zone of reserve cartilage”

Answer 33

Resting zone

Question 34

his zone is recognizable by the stacking of chondrocytes into vertical columns (isogenous groups)

Answer 34

Zone of proliferation (or “zone of multiplication”);

Question 35

“zone of multiplication”

Answer 35

Zone of proliferation

Question 36

his zone is recognized by the swelling and increase of cell size

Answer 36

Zone of hypertrophy

Question 37

this zone is represented by one terminal layer of hypertrophic chondrocytes that are facing the trabecular bone and marrow

Answer 37

Zone of degradation (or “zone of calcification and erosion”

Question 38

“zone of calcification and erosion”

Answer 38

Zone of degradation

Question 39

this zone is recognized by trabecular bony spicules with hypertrophic cartilage cores

Answer 39

zone of ossification

Question 40

bone-resorbing cells

Answer 40

osteoclasts

Question 41

osteoclasts are found it which zone

Answer 41

zone of ossification

Question 42

osteoclasts are present on trabecular bone surfaces in \_\_\_\_

Answer 42

resorption pits or Howship’s lacunae

Question 43

Osteoclasts

Answer 43

are derived from the monocytic lineage, and are multinucleate (anywhere from 2-40 nuclei).

Question 44

Answer 44

Question 45

what are the ovals?

Answer 45

Question 46

Answer 46

Trachea 1. Hyaline cartilage 2. Isogenous group 3. Territorial matrix 4. Interterritorial matrix 5. Chondrocyte

Question 47

Answer 47

Trachea 1. Interterritorial matrix 2. Territorial matrix 3. Inner layer of perichondrium 4. Outer layer of perichondrium 5. Lacuna

Question 48

Answer 48

Ear 1. Elastic cartilage 2. Lacuna 3. Densely packed elastic fibers

Question 49

Answer 49

Ear 1. Chondrocyte 2. Territorial matrix 3. Interterritorial matrix 4. Inner perichondrium 5. Outer perichondrium 6. Elastic fibers

Question 50

Answer 50

Epiglottis 1. Interterritorial matrix 2. Elastic fiber 3. Territorial matrix 4. Inner layer of the perichondrium 5. Outer layer of the perichondrium

Question 51

Answer 51

intervertebral disc Fibrous Cartilage 1. Chondrocytes 2. Collagen fibers

Question 52

Answer 52

Sternebra 1. Fibrous cartilage 2. Bone marrow cavity 3. Trabecular bone 4. Muscle 5. Future Costal Cartilage 6. Bone and Bone Marrow

Question 53

Answer 53

Sternebra 1. Fibrous cartilage 1a. Chondrocytes \*Note "beads-on-a-string" appearance 2. Bone marrow 3. Trabecular bone

Question 54

Answer 54

Sternebra 1. Fibrous cartilage 2. Chondrocyte 2a. Note "beads-on-a-string" appearance

Question 55

Answer 55

1. Zone of proliferation 2. Zone of hypertrophy 3. Zone of degradation 4. Zone of 0ssification

Question 56

Answer 56

1. Osteoblasts 2. Trabecular bone 3. Osteocyte 4. Bone marrow

Question 57

Answer 57

1. Bone marrow 2. Osteoclast 3. Howship's lacunae 4. Trabecular bone 5. Osteocyte

Question 58

Answer 58

1. Bone marrow 2. Osteoclast 3. Howship's lacunae 4. Osteocyte 5. Trabecular bone

Question 59

Answer 59

Trachea and Esophagus

Question 60

what are the two pink lines on the Left

Answer 60

perichondrium

Question 61

why can't you see fibers

Answer 61

so dense can't tell them apart elastic cartilage (can see fibers at edge)

Question 62

pink lines?

Answer 62

elastic fibers elastic cartilage

Question 63

Answer 63

epiglottis patches of elastic cartilage

Question 64

epiglottis

Answer 64

patch of elastic cartilage elastic fibers are red found on inner border

Question 65

Answer 65

fibrocartilage

Question 66

Answer 66

sternebrae mouse fibrous cartilage "beads on a string"

Question 67

zones?

Answer 67

zone of resting zone of proliferation zone of hypertrophy zone of degradation zone of ossification

Question 68

what kind of bone

Answer 68

trabecular bone/spongy bone

Question 69

Answer 69

bone marrow hypertrophic cartilage core osteocyte sinusoid osteoblast

Question 70

Answer 70

osteoclast- eating bone is Howship's Lacunea multinucleated

Question 71

what type of cartilage

Answer 71

hyaline

Question 72

Answer 72

trachea hyaline cartilage ciliated, pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 73

Answer 73

Trachea Ciliated Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium 2 layers of Perichondrium

Question 74

Answer 74

trachea Hyaline Cartilage -lacuna- little home -isogenous group - perichondrium (2 layers on bottom)

Question 75

Answer 75

epiglottis elastic cartilage in groups on inner edge filled with adipose tissue

Question 76

Answer 76

intervertebral Disk of a horse