Lab 6

Question 1

Correct term for host range of Hepatozoonosis

Answer 1

Obligate heteroxenous

Question 2

In which cells do gamonts of Hepatozoon develop?

Answer 2

Neutrophil granulocytes (monocytes)

Question 3

Which form of Hepatozoon canis can be found in the neutrophil granulocytes?

Answer 3

Gamonts (elliptic, 8-12 micro m)

Question 4

What is the vector of Hepatozoon canis?

Answer 4

a. Flea b. Lice c. Fly d. Other

Svar: brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus)

Question 5

(Not past Q)

What’s the clinical signs of hepatozoonosis?

Answer 5

• Asymtomatic
• or fever, lethargy, anorexia, emaciation, anaemia, swelling of LN, nasal discharge, weakness of limbs, muscle pain, bloody diarrhoea, death

Question 6

(Not past Q)

Parasitological diagnostic of hepatozoonosis?

Answer 6

Blood smear - check gamonts in neutrophils (monocytes)

Question 7

(Not PQ)

What’s the necroscopic findings in hepatozoonosis?

Answer 7

Infected organs shows inflammatory infiltrates, necrosis

Histology:
Schizont, nuclei in periphery

Question 8

Symptom not in dog affected with Babeiosis:

Answer 8

Abortion

but it may occur in cows

Question 9

(not PQ)

Which species of Babesia do we have?

Answer 9

• Babesia caballi (Eq)
• B. Divergens, B. bovis, B. Bigemina, B. major (cattle)
• B. Canis, B. vogeli, B. gibsoni (dog)

Question 10

(not PQ)

How is babesiosis transmitted?

Answer 10

tick infestation

Question 11

Animal that aborts foetus in Babeiosis:

Answer 11

Cow

Question 12

In which animal does Babeiosis infection affect the eyes? (clinical sign)

Answer 12

Dog (keratitis and iridocyclitis)

Question 13

Which Babesia has zoonotic significance?

Answer 13

B. bingemina -> More pathogenic, should be the correct answer
B. divergans of cow -> Stated in notes

Question 14

What is the difference between the cell preference of Babesia and Theileria?

Answer 14

Theileria can develop in lymphocytes, Babesia does not

Question 15

What symptom does not belong to the common symptoms of Babeiosis of dog?

Answer 15

Abortion

Question 16

Which host may show clinical signs in the eye during Babesia infection?

Answer 16

Dog

They get keratitis and iridocyclitits when infected with B. canis, B. vogeli, or B. gibsoni

Question 17

What is the species of Babesia that have zoonotic character?

Answer 17

B. divergens of cow

Question 18

What type of animals does Babeiosis affect?

Answer 18

Mammals

Question 19

Which species do not have haemoglobinuria as a clinical sign of Babeiosis?

Answer 19

Horses

Question 20

Babesia vogeli can infect:

Answer 20

Dogs

Question 21

Which cells does Babesia first infect?

Answer 21

RBCs

Question 22

Which species can occur in cattle?

Answer 22

B. divergans (and b.bovis, b. major, B. bigemina)

Question 23

Which is ‘small babesia’?

Answer 23

B. canis (? står b. divergens i dok)

Question 24

(not PQ)

Parasitological diagnosis in Babesia?

Answer 24

• detect piroplasms in RBCs films stained with Giemsa
• Small babesia (< 3 micro m): appears near edge of cells in pairs; eg. b. divergens
• Large babesia (3-5 micro m): paired at acute angle in red cells; eg. b. bigemina

Question 25

(not PQ) | Serodiagnostic methods diagnosis in Babesia?

Answer 25

ELISA, IFAT, CFT - Can also transfuse blood into slenectomized animals- detection of parasites in blood smear

Question 26

(not PQ) | What is the necroscopic findings of Babesia?

Answer 26

- anaemia, jaundice, splenomegaly - sub-epicardial and sub-endocardial haemorrhages - red and brownred urine in bladder - degeneration of liver and kidney - catarrh with petechiae in GI mucosa

Question 27

Theileria develops where first?

Answer 27

- Lymphocytes in the lymph nodes (Koch's bodies in lymphocytes) - RBCs (merozoites found in blood)

Question 28

Form of Theileria that occurs in RBCs:

Answer 28

Piroplasm (? nei, står merozoites)

Question 29

What is the difference between the cell preference of Babesia and Theileria?

Answer 29

Theileria can develop in lymphocytes, Babesia does not

Question 30

In what cells do the Koch bodies develop?

Answer 30

Lymphocytes

Question 31

Theleria annulata is seen in which species?

Answer 31

Cattle

Question 32

What is the size of Koch bodies?

Answer 32

10 – 12 um

Question 33

Koch bodies are:

Answer 33

Schizonts in WBCs (? står ikke, kanskje fra lecture?)

Question 34

(not PQ) | Necroscopic findings in Theileria:

Answer 34

- Hemorrhages in serous and mucous membranes - Swelling of LN and spleen - Ulcers in abomasum and intestine, pulmonary oedema, cachexia (in chronic cases)

Question 35

Vertebrate animals susceptible to Encephalitozoonosis:

Answer 35

Many mammals (Rabbits (especially), Rodents, Carnivores, Primates)

Question 36

Which staining can’t you use in the detection of Encephalitozoa?

Answer 36

HE staining | Can use PAS, Gram +, Ziehl Neelson, and Indian ink for the spores

Question 37

In Encephalitozoonosis, eye disorders are seen in which species?

Answer 37

Fox and Dog | Iritis, Keratitis and blindness

Question 38

During the necropsy, thickened and nodular vessels in arteries of viscera can be seen with the naked eye in:

Answer 38

Encephalitozoonosis

Question 39

Spores of E. cuniculi can be detected where in rabbits?

Answer 39

In the urine

Question 40

What size are the Encephalitozoon spores?

Answer 40

1.5 x 2.5 um Elliptical or Oval

Question 41

Which staining is used for Encephalitozoonosis?

Answer 41

Gram + (also PAS+ and ZN+)

Question 42

What kind of organ is affected by Encephalitozoon cuniculi?

Answer 42

Kidney

Question 43

(Not PQ) | What are the clinical signs in Encephalitozoonosis?

Answer 43

- Usually asymptomatic - rabbits: neurological sign, torticollis or wry neck, paralysis and seizures - Dogs and foxes: iritis, keratitis, blindness

Question 44

(Not PQ) | How do you detect Encephalitozoonosis?

Answer 44

- Detect spores in urine of rabbits (microscopic examination) - Histology of brain: multifocal granulomatous encephalitis - infiltrated by lymphocytes, necrotic foci surrounded by macrophages and lymphocytes - Histology of kidney: chronic intestinal nephritis - Thickened and nodular vessels in arteries of viscera (esp. superficial coronary arteries) - seen w/ naked eye