Lab 8

Question 1

Define enzyme

Answer 1

a substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.

Question 2

In the example given what is lactose?

Answer 2

substrate

Question 3

What is the first step of the enzyme function diagram

Answer 3

1. enzyme and substrate are available

Question 4

What is step two of the enzyme function diagram?

Answer 4

2. Substrate binds to enzyme

Question 5

What is it called when the enzyme binds to the substrate

Answer 5

enzyme-substrate complex

Question 6

What happens after the enzyme binds to the substrate? Use the example given

Answer 6

The products are released which in this case are glucose and galactose

Question 7

What happens after products are released?

Answer 7

The enzyme is free to catalyze another reaction

Question 8

What is added to the enzymatic system during the same step that the products are released

Answer 8

H20

Question 9

What is an active site?

Answer 9

a region on an enzyme that binds to a protein or other substance during a reaction

Question 10

What kind of protein are enzymes?

Answer 10

globular

Question 11

Why do enzymes work? What

Answer 11

because of their unique shapes

Question 12

each type of chemical reaction in a living organism is mediated by a specific enzyme. T or F?

Answer 12

T

Question 13

What are the two functions of enzymes in regards to their interactions with substrates

Answer 13

1. break apart

2. bring together to form new substrate

Question 14

Enzymes are one time use. T or F?

Answer 14

F

Question 15

Enzymes can catalyze ______ of reactions per second

Answer 15

1000s

Question 16

What is an enzymes turn over rate

Answer 16

the amount of times an enzymes can catalyze a reaction before being used up

Question 17

What is the relationship between an uncatalyzed reaction and a catalyzed one?

Answer 17

Uncatalyzed reaction require higher activation energy

Question 18

What is the difference between the free energy when comparing uncatalyzed and catalyzed reactions

Answer 18

there is no difference

Question 19

What is the course of the enzyme reaction

Answer 19

reactants turn into reactant enzyme complex turn into products + enzymes

Question 20

What is the example of an oxidative agent given

Answer 20

hydrogen peroxide

Question 21

what is an oxidative agent

Answer 21

a substance that tends to bring about oxidation by being reduced and gaining electrons.

Question 22

how do organisms mitigate the damage of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)?

Answer 22

specialized organelles called peroxisomes contain an enzyme that make H2O2 harmless

Question 23

What is catalase

Answer 23

the enzymes that mitigates the damage of H2O@ in animals and protists

Question 24

What is the plant version of catalase

Answer 24

peroxidase

Question 25

the turn over rate for catalase is high. T or F?

Answer 25

T

Question 26

How does catalase work

Answer 26

it binds then converts H2O2 into water and O2 (g)?

Question 27

What is the relationship between increasing the enzyme concentration and the effectiveness of the enzyme?

Answer 27

As you increase the amount of enzyme it will increase the effectiveness until there are enough enzymes for every substrate?

Question 28

What temperature was prime for the reaction?

Answer 28

25-30 C

Question 29

What pH was prime for this reaction?

Answer 29

7

Question 30

What was the oxidative agent of the reaction?

Answer 30

H2O2

Question 31

What is the enzyme of the reaction?

Answer 31

yeast

Question 32

What are the products of this reaction?

Answer 32

2 H2O and O2 (gas)

Question 33

At what temperature was the rate of enzyme activity the lowest?

Answer 33

60 C (REALLY HOT)

Question 34

Before its saturation point what is the relationship between enzyme concentration increase and O2 production?

Answer 34

they are proportional

Question 35

How many drops of enzyme saturated the substrate concentration?

Answer 35

20

Question 36

When testing for variation in enzyme concentration, what was H2O2 mixed with before adding the enzyme?

Answer 36

water

Question 37

What are the three ways to measure chemical reaction rate?

Answer 37

1. amount of product created 2. amount of substrate used 3. pressure created by gas

Question 38

What is the INITIAL RATE (regarding the O2 gas detector slope)?

Answer 38

The initial accumulation of O2 gas

Question 39

Explain what the graph of O2 detection will look like and why these trends appear.

Answer 39

1. steady value (the O2 in the air before O2 is released by experiment) 2. Sudden increase at a constant rate (initial rate) 3. Slowly levels off (decreased rate due to decrease in concentration of peroxide)

Question 40

T or F? Acidic environments are more effective inhibitors of peroxidase activity than basic environments.

Answer 40

T

Question 41

What is pH level will reduce the rate of enzymatic activity the most?

Answer 41

Acidic