lab 8: echinodermata to chordates

Question 1

echinodermata defining characteristic

Answer 1

internal skeleton composed of CaCO3 lattice

Question 2

water vascular system

Answer 2

involved in locomotion, prey capture, and resp

Question 3

echino symm

Answer 3

pentaradial

Question 4

echino larvae symm

Answer 4

bilateral

Question 5

echino embryonic development

Answer 5

deuterostome

Question 6

class stelleroidea

Answer 6

sea stars, and brittle and basket stars

Question 7

class echinoidea

Answer 7

sea urchins, sand dollars, heart urchins

Question 8

class holothuroidea

Answer 8

sea cucumbers

Question 9

class crinoidea

Answer 9

sea lilies, feather stars

Question 10

dermal ossicles

Answer 10

individual unit of the internal calcareous skeleton covered in epidermis

Question 11

pedicillariae

Answer 11

baby jaws arranged around the spines of the aboral surface

Question 12

madreporite

Answer 12

place of intake of w for the w vascular system

Question 13

tube feet

Answer 13

used in locomotion on sea stars and for catching/opening prey

Question 14

dermal brachiae

Answer 14

minor role in gas exchange

Question 15

echinoderm repro

Answer 15

open fert, no parental care

Question 16

test

Answer 16

echinoidea skeleton - fused plates

Question 17

aristotle’s lantern

Answer 17

toothed feeding structure in echinoidea

Question 18

planktonic larval stage of urchins

Answer 18

echinopluteus larva

Question 19

holothuroidea movement

Answer 19

mostly benthic

Question 20

calcareous skeleton in holoth

Answer 20

reduced to microscopic ossicles embedded in the body wall and an internal ring near the mouth

Question 21

pinnules in crinoidea

Answer 21

side branches on the arms used for feeding

Question 22

calyx in crinoidea

Answer 22

meeting point of arms

Question 23

ossicles in crinoidea

Answer 23

coin-like structures in stacks that support the stalk

Question 24

do crinoidea have a madreporite?

Answer 24

no

Question 25

notochord

Answer 25

a cartilaginous skeletal rod supporting the body in all embryonic and some adult chordate animals (defining characteristic)

Question 26

do hemichordates have a notochord

Answer 26

no

Question 27

what two chordata features do hemichordates have?

Answer 27

- dorsal nerve chord | - pharyngeal slits

Question 28

pharyngeal slits

Answer 28

openings between the pharynx, or throat, and the outside

Question 29

buccal tube

Answer 29

dorsal extension of the pharynx

Question 30

graptolites

Answer 30

an extinct marine invertebrate animal of the Paleozoic era, forming mainly planktonic colonies and believed to be related to the pterobranchs

Question 31

4 features common to chordates

Answer 31

- dorsal hollow nerve cord - notochord - pharyngeal slits - post anal tail

Question 32

conodonts

Answer 32

a fossil marine animal of the Cambrian to Triassic periods, having a long wormlike body, numerous small teeth, and a pair of eyes

Question 33

urochordates larva

Answer 33

tadpole-like, motile

Question 34

urchordate movement

Answer 34

sessile adults; disperse in larval stage

Question 35

class ascidiacea

Answer 35

sea squirts, tunicates

Question 36

class thaliacea

Answer 36

salps

Question 37

class larvacea

Answer 37

mucus-house builders

Question 38

pharynx in sea squirts

Answer 38

filtering bag which makes up most of the body

Question 39

tunic in sea squirts

Answer 39

tough outer coating for the pharynx

Question 40

oral siphon in sea squirts

Answer 40

where water is drawn in

Question 41

atrium in sea squirts

Answer 41

the main chamber

Question 42

atrial siphon

Answer 42

where water waste is expelled

Question 43

sea squirt digestion (3)

Answer 43

1. particles trapped in mucus 2. mucus slides down digestive system 3. wastes expelled out anus

Question 44

thaloiacea (salps) characteristics (3)

Answer 44

- transparent - free-living - planktonic

Question 45

salps motility

Answer 45

by using their oral and atrial siphons

Question 46

larvacea movement

Answer 46

they secrete a mucus house around themselves and use movements on their tail to move w thru the house to propel them forward

Question 47

cephalochordata - lancelets look like

Answer 47

fishes

Question 48

lancelet characteristics (2)

Answer 48

- filter feeders who draw w thru their pharynx | - spend life buried in the sand with only their heads out