Lab 8 - Monogastric Digestive System Flashcards
1
Q
chole-
A
- Bile
2
Q
cholecyst-
A
- Gallbladder
3
Q
cyst-
A
- Bladder, sac
4
Q
dont-
A
- Teeth
5
Q
entero-
A
- Intestines
6
Q
gastri-
A
- Stomach
7
Q
glosso-
A
- tongue
8
Q
gust-
A
-taste
9
Q
hepa-
A
- Liver
10
Q
What are teeth?
A
- Function in prehension and particle reduction
11
Q
What is the function of the tongue?
A
- Prehension, mixing, and taste
12
Q
What is the function of the salivary glands?
A
- Secrete mucin, water, bicarbonate, and salivary amylase
13
Q
What is the function of the esophagus?
A
- Transports food and drink from the pharynx to the stomach by peristalsis
14
Q
What is the function of the stomach?
A
- Storage, mixing, and physical breakdown of food
- initiates digestion of protein
15
Q
What does the stomach produce?
A
- Mucous, HCl, pepsinogen, and Intrinsic factor
16
Q
What is the intrinsic factor?
A
- Glycoprotein produced by parietal cells that aids in absorption of Vit B12
17
Q
What enzyme are baby cows born with?
A
- Rennin (chymosin)
- Curdles milk
18
Q
What is the function of the esophageal sphincter?
A
- AKA Cardiac sphincter
- allows entry of food into stomach and prevents regurgitation
19
Q
What is the function of the Pyloric Sphincter?
A
- Valve that controls stomach emptying
20
Q
What is Rugae?
A
- (ROO gee)
- longitudinal wrinkles inside the stomach that become more prominent as the stomach emptys
21
Q
What are gastric glands?
A
- Pits in the stomach lining that contain secretory cells
22
Q
What are the types of gastric glands?
A
- Goblet Cells
- G-Cells
- Chief Cells
- Parietal Cells
23
Q
What is the function of Goblet Cells?
A
- Secrete mucous
24
Q
What is the function of G-Cells?
A
- Secrete the hormone gastrin
25
What is the function of Chief cells?
- Secrete pepsinogen and rennin
26
What is the function of Parietal Cells?
- Secrete HCL and intrinsic factor
27
What is the function of the Greater Omentum?
- Overlays the stomach
- a part of the mesentery
- lace like due to fat deposition
- leukocyte production occurs here
28
What is the function of the spleen?
- located laterally to the stomach
- largest lymphatic organ
- Removes old and damaged erythrocytes
29
What is the function of the liver?
- Major metabolic organ
- largest gland
- Maintains levels of nutrients in blood
- Produces and secretes bile, angiotensinogen, and IGF-1
- Makes plasma proteins
-Degrades or neutralizes hormones drugs and toxins
- Site for gluconeogensis
30
What is the function of the Gall Bladder?
- Stores and Excretes Bile
- Under right lobe of the liver
31
What is the function of the Pancreas?
- Produces digestive enzymes
- trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, procarboxypeptidase, pancreatic lipase and amylase, bicarbonate, insulin and glucagon
32
What is the function of the small intestines?
- produces enzymes enterokinase, aminopeptidase, carboxypeptidase, maltase, lactase, sucrase, and bicarbonate
33
Function of the Duodenum
- Shortest part of SI
- receives bile from GB, pancreatic enzymes from pancreas and chyme from stomach
- filled with Brunner's glands
- Digestion of proteins, carbs, and fat occurs here
34
What are Brunner's Glands?
- Produce large amounts of bicarbonate to neutralize highly acidic chyme entering from the stomach
35
What is the Jejunum?
- Digestion of proteins, carbs and fat
- Absorption of amino acids, monosaccharides, fatty acids, calcium and iron
36
The function of the Ileum
- Absorption of bile salts, water, electrolytes, and Vit B12
- Connect to large intestine thru ileocecal valve
37
What is the Cecum?
- Microbial fermentation of starch and cellulose
- Absorption of fermented products (volatile fatty acids, vitamins and water)
38
What is the Colon?
-Microbial fermentation of starch and cellulose
- Absorption of fermented products and water
39
What is the Rectum?
- formation of the characteristic shape of droppings
40
What is the Anus?
- external opening of digestive tract
