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ANURBF > [LAB] ACTIVITY 4: ROUTINE URINALYSIS: CHEMICAL EXAMINATION > Flashcards

[LAB] ACTIVITY 4: ROUTINE URINALYSIS: CHEMICAL EXAMINATION Flashcards

1
Q

pH PRINCIPLE

A

Double-indicator system

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2
Q

pH REAGENTS

A

Methyl red, bromthymol blue

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3
Q

Protein REAGENTS

A

Multistix: tetrabromphenol blue

Chemstrip: 3’,3”,5’,5”-tertachlorophenol 3,4,5,6-tetrabromsulfonphthalein

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4
Q

Protein PRINCIPLE

A

Protein error of indicators

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5
Q

Glucose PRINCIPLE

A

Double sequential
enzyme reaction

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6
Q

Glucose REAGENTS

A

Multistix: glucose oxidase,
peroxidase, potassium iodide
Chemstrip: glucose oxidase,
peroxidase, tetramethylbenzidine

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7
Q

Ketones PRINCIPLE

A

Sodium
nitroprusside
reaction

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8
Q

Ketones REAGENTS

A

Sodium nitroprusside, glycine
(Chemstrip)

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9
Q

Blood PRINCIPLE

A

Pseudoperoxidase
activity of Hb

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10
Q

Blood REAGENTS

A

Mulstix: diisopropylbenzene
dehydroperoxide
tetramethylbenzidine

Chemstrip:
dimethyldihydroperoxyhexane
tetramethylbenzidine

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11
Q

Bilirubin PRINCIPLE

A

Diazo reactions

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12
Q

Bilirubin REAGENTS

A

Multistix: 2,4-dichloroaniline
diazonium salt
Chemstrip: 2,6-dichlorobenzene
diazonium salt

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13
Q

Urobilinogen PRINCIPLE

A

Multistix:
Ehrlich’s aldehyde
reaction
Chemstrip: diazo
reaction

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14
Q

Urobilinogen REAGENTS

A

Multistix: p-
dimethylaminobenzaldehyde
Chemstrip: 4-methoxybenzene-
diazonium-tetrafluoroborate

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15
Q

Nitrite PRINCIPLE

A

Greiss reaction

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16
Q

Nitrite REAGENTS

A

Multistix: p-arsamilic acid,
tetrahydrobenzo(h)-quinolin-3-ol
Chemstrip: sulfanilamide,
hydroxytetrahydro benzoquinoline

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17
Q

Leukocyte esterase PRINCIPLE

A

Acid ester
hydrolysis

18
Q

Leukocyte esterase REAGENTS

A

Multistix: derivatized pyrrole amino
acid ester
Diazonium salt
Chemstrip: indocylcarbonic acid
ester
Diazonium salt

19
Q

Specific Gravity PRINCIPLE

A

Change in pKa of
a polyelectrolyte

20
Q

Specific Gravity REAGENTS

A

Multistix: poly (methyl vinyl
ether/maleic anhydride)
Bromthymol blue
Chemstrip:
ethyleneglycoldiaminoethylethertetr
aacetic acid
Bromthymol blue

21
Q

*no known interfering substances

A

pH

22
Q

Runover from adjacent pads Old specimens

A

pH

23
Q

False (+):
Highly buffered alkaline
urine
Pigmented specimens
Phenazopyridine
Quaternary ammonium
compounds (detergents)
Antiseptics (chlorhexidine)
Loss of buffer
High specific gravity

A

Protein

24
Q

False (-):
Proteins other than
albumin
Microalbuminuria

A

Protein

25
Q

False (+):
Contamination by oxidizing
agents and detergents

A

Glucose

26
Q

False (-):
High levels of ascorbic acid
High levels of ketones
High specific gravity
Improperly preserved
specimens

A

Glucose

27
Q

False (+):
Phthalein dyes
Highly pigmented red urine
Levodopa
Medications containing
free sulfhydryl groups

A

Ketones

28
Q

False (-): Improperly preserved
specimens

A

Ketones

29
Q

False (+):
Strong oxidizing agents
Bacterial peroxidases
Menstrual contamination

A

Blood

30
Q

False (-): High specific
gravity/crenated cells
Formalin
Captopril
High concentrations of
nitrite
Ascorbic acid (>25mg/dL)
Unmixed specimens

A

Blood

31
Q

False (+):
Highly pigmented urine
Phenazopyridine
Indicant
Metabolites of Lodine

A

Bilirubin

32
Q

False (-):
Specimen exposure to light
Ascorbic acid (>25mg/dL)
High concentrations of
nitrite

A

Bilirubin

33
Q

False (+):
Porphobilinogen
Indican
p-aminosalicylic acid
Sulfonamides
Methyldopa
Procaine
Chloropromazine
Highly-pigmented urine

A

Urobilinogen

34
Q

False (-):
Old specimens
Formalin
Chemstrip

A

Urobilinogen

35
Q

False (+):
Highly pigmented urine

A

Urobilinogen

36
Q

False (-):
Old specimens
Formalin
High concentrations of
nitrate

A

Urobilinogen

37
Q

False (-):
Nonreductase-containing
bacteria
Insufficient bladder
incubation
Lack of urinary nitrate
Large quantities of bacteria
converting nitrite to
nitrogen
Presence of antibiotics
High concentrations of
ascorbic acid
High specific gravity

A

Nitrite

38
Q

False (+):
Improperly preserved
specimens
Highly pigmented urine

A

Nitrite

39
Q

False (+):
Strong oxidizing agents
Formalin
Highly pigmented urine
Nitrofurantoin

A

Leukocyte
esterase

40
Q

False (-):
High concentrations of
protein, glucose, oxalic
acid, ascorbic acid,
gentamicin,
cephalosporins,
tetracyclines
Inaccurate timing

A

Leukocyte
esterase

41
Q

False (+):
High concentrations of
protein

A

Specific
Gravity

42
Q

False (-):
Highly alkaline urine (>6.5)

A

Specific
Gravity

ANURBF (7 decks)

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