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PSIO202 > Lab: Blood + Blood Pressure > Flashcards

Lab: Blood + Blood Pressure Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

Blood pressure

A

Force exerted by blood on the blood vessel wall

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2
Q

Laminar flow

A

refers to the streamline movement of blood

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3
Q

Turbulent blood flow

A

Cause by constriction of the vessel than disrupts laminar flow

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4
Q

Where is blood pressure the highest?

A

Aorta and large elastic arteries

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5
Q

As arteries branch and as blood travels farther from the heart BP…

A

decreases

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6
Q

Sphygmomanometer

A
  • Inflatable blood pressure cuff and pressure gauge
  • Measures systolic and diastolic blood pressure
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7
Q

Sounds heard via stethoscope

A

korotkoff sounds

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8
Q

Which artery do you use the sphygmomanometer at?

A

Brachial artery

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9
Q

1st loud korotkoff sound

A
  • systolic BP
  • Turbulent flow of blood
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10
Q

Last faint korotkoff sound

A
  • Diastolic BP
  • Laminar flow of blood
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11
Q

Normal systolic pressure

A

120 mmHg

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12
Q

Normal diastolic BP

A

80 mmHg

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13
Q

3 principal elements of the cardiovascular system

A

Heart
Blood Vessels
Blood

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14
Q

Function of the cardiovascular system

A

Transport: oxygen, nutrients, and hormones
Remove: carbon dioxide, heat, and waste

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15
Q

How much blood does the average adult body contain?

A

5.5 L

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16
Q

What percent of your body weight does blood make up?

A

8%

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17
Q

What percent of whole blood is plasma?

A

55%

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18
Q

What percent of whole blood is formed elements?

A

45%

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19
Q

What forms formed elements?

A
  • Erythrocytes (RBC)
  • Leukocytes (WBC)
  • Thrombocytes (platelets)
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20
Q

What percent of plasma is water?

A

91.5%

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21
Q

What percent of plasma is solutes/proteins?

A

8.5%

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22
Q

Thrombocytes description

A

Fragments of megakaryocytes
Aid in clotting
Anucleate (no nucleus)
Very small

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23
Q

Function of thrombocytes

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A

Aid in clotting

24
Q

Erythrocyte description

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A

Produced in red bone marrow
Anucleate
Contain hemoglobin

25
What gives erythrocytes their red color?
Hemoglobin contains heme which is a red pigment
26
polycythemia
abnormally high number of RBCs
27
Erythropoietin
Hormone that stimulates RBC production
28
Anemia
Deficiency of RBCs or hemoglobin that results in inadequate oxygen supply
29
Leukocytes
Nucleates cells that attack pathogens and foreign substances in the body
30
Granular leukocytes
- Neutrophils - Basophils - Eosinophils
31
Agranular leukocytes
- Monocytes - Lymphocytes
32
Leukocytosis
High number of functional WBCs
33
Leukopenia
Low number of functional WBCs
34
Granular Multi-lobes 60-70% of leukocytes
Neutrophil
35
What is the"first responder" to an infection site
Neutrophil
36
Which leukocyte has an important role in inflammation and bacterial infection?
Neutrophil
37
Agranular Large nucleus Small cytoplasm 25-33% of leukocytes
Lymphocyte
38
Which leukocyte is mostly found in the lymphatic system?
lymphocyte
39
Which leukocyte has a role in viral infections, cancer, and parasitic infections?
Lymphocyte
40
Agranular Largest WBC Amorphous Kidney shaped nucleus 3-8% of leukocytes
Monocyte
41
Which leukocyte has a role in viral infections and inflammation?
Monocytes
42
Granular Bi-lobed Big, pink granules 2-4% of leukocytes
Eosinophil
43
Which leukocyte has a role in allergic reactions, parasitic infections, and autoimmune diseases?
Eosinophil
44
Granular Dark purple granules No visible cytoplasm Less than .5 of leukocytes
Basophil
45
Which leukocyte has a role in allergic reactions, cancer, and hypothyroidism?
Basophil
46
Which two enzymes are stored in basophil granules?
Histamine (vasodilator) Heparin (anticoagulant)
47
In a WBC differential, which leukocyte is up if a bacterial infection is present?
Neutrophil
48
In a WBC differential, which leukocyte is up if a viral infection is present?
Lymphocyte
49
In a WBC differential, which leukocyte is up if a viral infection with inflammation is present?
Monocyte
50
In a WBC differential, which leukocyte is up if a parasite or allergy is present?
Eosinophil
51
In a WBC differential, which leukocyte is up if an allergy is present?
Basophil
52
Differential WBC
A test that determines a percentage of each of the five types of WBCs in a sample
53
Hematocrit
Percentage of erythrocytes in a whole blood sample
54
Normal female hematocrit values
37-48%
55
Normal male hematocrit value
42-52%
56
Hematocrit =
( length of RBCs / length of all components ) x1 00

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