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PSIO202 > Lab: Blood Vessels > Flashcards

Lab: Blood Vessels Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

Arteries carry blood _____ from the heart

A

away

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2
Q

Veins carry blood _______ the heart

A

toward

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3
Q

Capillaries enter into

A

Venules

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4
Q

Capillaries

A

Site of exchange of nutrients, wastes, and gases
Very small

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5
Q

Forms when smaller venules merge

A

veins

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6
Q

Arteries branch into smaller…

A

arterioles

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7
Q

In which vessel does each heart beat create a surge of pressure?

A

artery

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8
Q

Which vessel maintains it’s round shape even when empty due to it’s muscle?

A

arteries

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9
Q

Vasoconstriction

A

Decreases diameter

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10
Q

Vasodilation

A

Increased diameter

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11
Q

Arteries have input from the _______ nervous system

A

Sympathetic

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12
Q

Relatively thin-walled vessel

A

Vein

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13
Q

Vessel with relatively low blood pressure

A

Vein

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14
Q

Vessel with steady blood flow

A

Vein

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15
Q

Vessel that expands easily and collapses when empty

A

Vein

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16
Q

Do veins or arteries have a greater capacity for blood?

A

Veins

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17
Q

5 ways of venous return to the heart

A
  1. Pressure gradient
  2. Gravity
  3. Skeletal muscle pump
  4. Respiratory pump
  5. Cardiac suction
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18
Q

Veins contain valves to…

A

prevent back flow

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19
Q

Veins contain valves to…

A

prevent back flow

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20
Q

3 layers of the blood vessel wall

A
  1. Tunica interna (intima)
  2. Tunica media
  3. Tunica externa (adventitia)
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21
Q

Components to the tunica interna

A
  1. Endothelium (simple squamous) (innermost)
  2. Basement membrane
  3. Internal elastic lamina
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22
Q

Only found in arteries because it allows for recoil and return to normal shape after stretch

A

Elastic lamina

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23
Q

Tunica media components

A
  1. Smooth muscle
  2. External elastic lamina(artery)
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24
Q

What is key to regulating diameter of a vessel?

A

External elastic lamina

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25
Outer layer that provides support and protection of veins and arteries
Tunica externa
26
What fibers make the tunica externa?
Elastic and collagen fibers
27
What is the thickest layer in a vein?
Tunica externa
28
In veins, what layer creates the valves?
Tunica interna
29
What is the thickest layer in an artery?
Tunica media
30
Which vessel contains a majority of blood and serves as a reservoir?
Vein
31
Types of arteries
- Elastic arteries - Muscular arteries - Arterioles
32
Which type of artery has a large diameter?
Elastic arteries
33
Which type of artery has a high amount of elastic fibers?
Elastic artery
34
The aorta is an example of which type of artery?
Elastic artery
35
Which type of artery has a small diameter?
Muscular artery
36
Which type of artery has a high smooth muscle fiber content?
Muscle artery
37
Which type of artery controls the blood flow into capillaries?
Arterioles
38
Which type of artery regulates blood pressure?
Arterioles
39
What vessel is made from a thing single endothelial layer?
Capillaries
40
Which vessel is only wide enough for 1-2 RBCs?
Capillaries
41
The thin walls of a capillary allows for exchange of nutrients, wastes, and gases between _______ and _______ _____
Blood Interstitial fluid
42
3 types of capillaries
1. Continuous 2. Fenestrated 3. Discontinuous
43
Intercellular clefts
Space between cells
44
Fenestrations
Pores in plasma membrane by a thin membrane
45
Where can continuous capillaries be found?
Most tissue and organs. Ex. Lungs + brain
46
Which type of capillary is least permeable?
continuous capillaries
47
What can pass the intercellular clefts of a continuous capillary?
- small solutes - diffusion of gases
48
Continuous capillary characterisitics
- Tight junctions - Narrow intercellular clefts - Least permeable
49
Fenestrated capillaries characteristics
- Fenestrations - Rapid passage of small molecules
50
Location of fenestrated capillaries
Organs with rapid absorption Ex. Kidneys, endocrine glands, small intestine
51
Discontinuous capillary characterisitics
- Endothelial cells separated by wide gaps - No basal lamina - Most permeable
52
What can pass through discontinuous capillaries?
Large molecules such as protein and blood cells
53
Location of discontinuous capillaries
Liver Bone marrow Spleen Pituitary gland
54
Vessel that connects 2 capillary beds in series
Portal
55
Vessel that allows for an alternate route of blood flow in case main route is blocked/damaged
Anastomosis
56
Large, short vessel that immediately branches
Trunks
57
There are several superficial veins found in the body. What purpose might these serve?
Thermoregulation
58
Primary venous drainage of thoracic organs
Azygos system
59
What receives blood from the hemiazygous vein and the accessory hemiazygos vein before emptying into the superior vena cava?
Azygos vein
60
What is an example of a venous anastomoses
Azygos vein
61
What is the function of hepatic portal circulation?
To filter our nutrients from digested food and to carry them through our circulation
62
Neutrophil differential count
60-70%
63
Eosinophil differential count
2-4%
64
Basophil differential count
less than 0.5%
65
Lymphocyte differential count
25-33%
66
Monocyte differential count
3-8%

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