Lab Cancer Flashcards
Etiology
The cause of disease
Pathogenesis
Disease development
Uv
Contains UVA/UVB/UVC
penetrates skin and affects DNA causing reactions
Esp UVB
Responses to UV
Apoptosis» programmed cell death ro eliminate harmful cells
Benign tumor»nevi/skin adenomas/ genetic balancing act
Malignant tumor»genetic chaos/skin cancer melanoma
Types of cancer
Carcinoma >epithelium
Sarcoma>connective tissue
Lymphoma>lymph
Leukemia> blood and bone marrow
UV harmful effect is causing..
Activating/inactivating
Supressing
Altering
Thymine dimers that distort DNA structure and prevent replication
»Activating oncogenes that promote tumor growth
»Inactivate tumor suppressor genes that promote apoptosis
»Altering signal pathways by suppressing p53 and PTEN
»Suppressing immune systems
Neoplasia
Process of abnormal and excessive growth
Neoplasm failure of genetic mechanism
Prognosis of cancer
Angigenesis>
Formation of new blood vessels
Extracellular matrix remodelling
Metastesis
Identification of cancer
Pleomorphism> abnormal cells
Hyperchromasia>dark nucleus
Prominent nucleui
Atypia>abnormal size and mitosis
Giant multinucleated cells
Abnormal growth
Normal>hyperplasia>dysplasia>anaplasia (loss of polarity and realtion bet cells)
Embryonic origin
Endoderm»linings +pancreas/lung/thyroid
Mesoderm»cardiac/skeletal/kidney/rbc/smooth
Ectoderm»skin/neuron/pigment
Adenoma
Glandular benign tumor
Sometimes can be cancerous
Polyp
Growth that protrudes from lining
