Lab & Diagnostics

Question 1

Acid

Answer 1

substance containing a hydrogen ion that can be liberated or released

Question 2

Acidosis

Answer 2

a condition characterized by a proportionate excess of hydrogen ions in the extracellular fluid, in which the pH falls below 7.35

Question 3

Active Transport

Answer 3

movement of ions or molecules across cell membranes, usually against a pressure gradient & with the expenditure of metabolic energy

Question 4

Alkalosis

Answer 4

condition, characterized by a proportionate lack of hydrogen ions in the extracellular fluid concentration, in which the pH exceeds 7.45

Question 5

Anions

Answer 5

ion that carries a negative electric charge

Question 6

Antibody

Answer 6

Immunoglobulin produced by the body in response to a specific antigen

Question 7

Antigen

Answer 7

foreign material capable of inducing a specific immune response

Question 8

Autologous Transfusion

Answer 8

occurs when a patient donates one’s own blood for a transfusion

Question 9

Base

Answer 9

substance that can accept or trap a hydrogen ion; synonym for alkai

Question 10

Blood Typing

Answer 10

Laboratory examination to determine a person’s blod type

Question 11

Buffer

Answer 11

substance that prevents body fluid from becoming overly acid or alkaline

Question 12

Capillary Filtration

Answer 12

passage of fluid across the wall of the wall of the capillary; results from the force of blood “pushing” against the walls of the capillaries

Question 13

Cation

Answer 13

ion that carries a positive electric charge

Question 14

Colloid Osmotic pressure

Answer 14

pressure exerted by plasma proteins on permeable membranes in the body; synonym of oncotic pressure

Question 15

Cross-Matching

Answer 15

act of determining the compatibility of two blood specimens

Question 16

Dehydration

Answer 16

decreased water volume in body tissue

Question 17

Diffusion

Answer 17

tendency of solutes to move freely throughout a solvent from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration until equilibrium is established

Question 18

Edema

Answer 18

accumulation of fluid in extracellular spaces

Question 19

Electrolytes

Answer 19

substance capable of breaking into ions and developing an electric charge when dissolved in solution

Question 20

Extracellular Fluid (ECF)

Answer 20

fluid outside the cells; includes intravascular and interstitial fluids

Question 21

Hydrostatic Pressure

Answer 21

force exerted by a fluid against the container wall

Question 22

Hypercalcemia

Answer 22

excess of calcium in the extracellular fluid

Question 23

Hyperkalemia

Answer 23

excess of potassium in the extracellular fluid

Question 24

Hypermagnesemia

Answer 24

excess of magnesium in the extracellular fluid

Question 25

Hypernatremia

Answer 25

excess of sodium in the extracellular fluid

Question 26

Hyperphosphatemia

Answer 26

above-normal serum concentration of inorganic phosphorus

Question 27

Hypertonic

Answer 27

having a greater concentration than the solution with which it is being compared

Question 28

Hypervolemia

Answer 28

excess of plasma

Question 29

Hypocalcemia

Answer 29

Insufficient amount of calcium in the extracellular fluid

Question 30

Hypokalemia

Answer 30

Insufficient amount of potassium in the extracellular fluid

Question 31

Hypomagnesemia

Answer 31

Insufficient amount of magnesium in the extracellular fluid

Question 32

Hyponatremia

Answer 32

Insufficient amount of sodium in the extracellular fluid

Question 33

Hypophosphatemia

Answer 33

below-normal serum concentration of inorganic phosphorus

Question 34

Hypotonic

Answer 34

having lesser concentration than the solution with which it is being compared

Question 35

Hypovolemia

Answer 35

deficiency of blood plasma

Question 36

Intracellular Fluid (ICF)

Answer 36

fluid within the cell; synonym for cellular fluid