lab exam

Question 1

diffusion

Answer 1

movement of a solute particle from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Question 2

concentration gradient

Answer 2

a difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance.

Question 3

osmosis

Answer 3

diffusion of water down its concentration gradient through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 4

hypotonic

Answer 4

having a lower concentration of solute than another substance

Question 5

hypertonic

Answer 5

having a higher concentration of solute than another substance

Question 6

isotonic

Answer 6

having the same concentration as another substance

Question 7

starch test

Answer 7

iodine turns black/blue/purple in the presence of starch

Question 8

sugar test

Answer 8

benedict’s reagent turns green/yellow/orange/red/brown in the presence of sugar

Question 9

chloride test

Answer 9

silver nitrate will contain a white precipitate in the presence of chloride

Question 10

total magnification

Answer 10

objective lens*ocular lens

Question 11

specimen length/width

Answer 11

calibrated value*number of ocular divisions

Question 12

photosynthesis reaction

Answer 12

6CO2 + 6H2O + light -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 13

respiration reaction

Answer 13

C6H12O6 + 6O2 –> 6CO2 + H2O + ATP energy

Question 14

bicarbonate indicator

Answer 14

turns yellow with more CO2 (more acidic) and turns purple with less CO2 (more basic)

Question 15

colony characteristics

Answer 15

size, shape, margin, surface texture, elevation, colour

Question 16

colony size

Answer 16

punctiform, small, medium, large

Question 17

colony shape

Answer 17

round, irregular, filamentous, rhizoid, punctiform

Question 18

colony margin

Answer 18

entire, lobate, scalloped, filiform, undulate, curled, serrate

Question 19

colony texture

Answer 19

dry, smooth, viscous, mucoid

Question 20

colony elevation

Answer 20

flat, raised, convex, pulvinate, umbonate, crateriform, draughtsmen

Question 21

red algae

Answer 21

marine algae in which the chlorophyll is masked by a red or purplish pigment

Question 22

green algae

Answer 22

photosynthetic protists that include unicellular, colonial, and multicellular species with grass green chloroplasts; closely related to true plants.

Question 23

brown algae

Answer 23

one of a group of marine, multicellular, autotrophic protists, the most common type of seaweed.

Question 24

holdfast

Answer 24

a rootlike structure that anchors a seaweed.

Question 25

stipe

Answer 25

a stemlike structure of a seaweed

Question 26

blades

Answer 26

leaflike structures of a seaweed

Question 27

euglena

Answer 27

unicellular organism; moves using its flagella; asexual reproduction; have chloroplasts to absorb sunlight

Question 28

paramecium

Answer 28

a ciliated (it propels itself via cilia) protist that lives in fresh water and eats other tiny organisms for food.

Question 29

amoeba

Answer 29

a type of protist characterized by great flexibility and the presence of pseudopodia.

Question 30

algae

Answer 30

plantlike protists

Question 31

zygosporangium

Answer 31

sexual reproductive structure of zygomycota

Question 32

rhizopus stolonifer

Answer 32

black bread mold

Question 33

sporangium

Answer 33

multicellular organs that produce spores

Question 34

ascocarp

Answer 34

in sac fungi, the reproductive structure in which haploid nuclei fuse to form a zygote

Question 35

conidia

Answer 35

asexual fungi spores of Ascomycetes

Question 36

basidiocarps

Answer 36

fruiting bodies where the basidiomycetes reproduce sexually

Question 37

crustose

Answer 37

(of lichens) having a thin crusty thallus that adheres closely to the surface on which it is growing

Question 38

fruticose

Answer 38

shrublike lichen

Question 39

foliose

Answer 39

leaflike lichen

Question 40

ectomycorrhizae

Answer 40

a type of mycorrhizae in which the mycelium forms a dense sheath, or mantle, over the surface of the root. Hyphae extend from the mantle into the soil, greatly increasing the surface area for water and mineral absorption.

Question 41

endomycorrhizae

Answer 41

mycorrhizae that grow inside the root of the plant.