Lab Exam

Question 1

What are the PH levels to be considered neutral?

Answer 1

6.5-7.5

Question 2

Manitoba soil PH range from?

Answer 2

4.5-8.5

Question 3

Two cations which are largely responsible for soil acidity are?

Answer 3

Hydrogen and Aluminum

Question 4

Sand diameter range of?
Silt the diameter range of?
Clay the Diameter range of?

Answer 4

0. 05 to 2 mm
1. 002 to 0.05mm
2. 002-smaller

Question 5

The Main salts present in Manitoba are? (3)

Answer 5

Calcium Sulphate (gypsum)
magnesium sulphate (epsom salts)
Sodium chloride (table salt)

Question 6

What does electrical conductivity Measure?

Answer 6

measures the ability of a soil past to transfer an electrical current and therefore measures the amount of dissolved salts in the soil

Question 7

Parent material in most Manitoba soils contains?

Answer 7

Lime:
Calcium carbonate (CaCO3)
Magnesium carbonate (MgCO3)

Question 8

What are the 3 major parts of a seed?

Answer 8

Seed Coat, embryo and food storage tissue

Question 9

The major food storage tissue of the monocot is the?

Explain.

Answer 9

Endosperm
The embryo is not capable of producing food so it is dependant of the embryo.
Enzymes are produced in the scutellum and secreted in the endosperm. Enzymes breakdown food into smaller compounds. these smaller molecules are then absorbed by the scutellum and made available to the growing seed tissues.

Question 10

What is Germination?

Answer 10

refers to the activation of the processes which lead to the resumption of growth by a seed. Favourable external conditions are nessasary, they include:
1 Water
2 Temperature that remain within a limited range
3 Oxygen
4 Light

Question 11

What is the difference between Macropores and Micropores?

Answer 11

Large pores in the soil for macro

Small pores in the soil for Micro

Question 12

What are the 2 common types of emergence?

Answer 12

Epigeous (above ground) and Hypgeous (below ground)

Question 13

Define Stigma, Style and Ovary

Answer 13

Stigma: A sticky opening to the style that receives pollen
Style: A tube leading from the stigma to the ovary.
Ovary: An enlarged organ that holds the egg cells.

Question 14

Define Anther, Filament.

Answer 14

Anther: A structural compartment where pollen cells are produced
Filament: A thin stalk that holds up the anther.

Question 15

What is a Perianth?

Answer 15

a collective term for floral parts that are not directly needed for reproduction. They may be protection for the stamen and pistill or attraction to insect pollinators.
They include: Petals and Sepals

Question 16

What is the difference between a determinate and indeterminate inflorescence?

Answer 16

Indeterminate florescents has a particular flowering order in which the lower and outer buds open first. while the terminal growing points of the main axis of the inflorescence continue to grow and produce additional flower buds.

Question 17

Define Tripping?

Answer 17

is the release of the stamens and pistil from the keel petal. While some legume flowers such as peas and soybeans can pollinate themselves. They can only be fertilized by other flowers

Tripping in alfalfa is accomplished by leaf cutter bees.

Question 18

What does a hydrometer measure?

Answer 18

the specific gravity of the soil water mixture.

Question 19

What does PWP stand for ?

Answer 19

Permanent writing percentage

Question 20

what is the difference between dicot and monocot?

Answer 20

Dicot: there is a primary root and a secondary roots.
Monocot: there are primary, secondary, crown and seminal roots