Lab Exam: HR and BP Flashcards
1
Q
What is a ECG?
A
- electrocardiogram
- graphical recording of the electrical activity of the heart
- non invasive measurement of electrical activity of the heart
2
Q
What do we use a ECG for?
A
- trained personnel can use it as a diagnostic tool
- routine medical
- diagnose the cause of symptoms
- detect early heart disease
- assess damage after a heart attack
- monitor treatment
- assess physical fitness
3
Q
What are the components of a ECG?
A
- P wave: atrial depolarization
- QRS complex: ventricular depolarization
- T wave: ventricular repolarization
4
Q
What is tachycardia?
A
- abnormally fast HR
- >100 bpm
5
Q
What is bradycardia?
A
- abnormally slow HR
- <50-60 bpm
6
Q
What is fibrillation?
A
- uncoordinated contractions of the heart muscle
- fast or slow
7
Q
Describe the parts of the conduction system.
A
- SA node (initial depolarization)
- L and R atrial contraction
- AV node
- Bundle of His
- L and R bundle branches
- Purkinje fibres
- impulse moves through L and R Ventricles
8
Q
Why is the AP slowed when going through the AV node?
A
to allow for atrial contraction before ventricular excitement/stimulation
9
Q
What are Korotkoff sounds?
A
- turbulent flow in compressed artery making audible vibration
- used to determine systolic and diastolic BP
10
Q
What is blood pressures?
A
- the force exerted by blood against arteries
- pressure of blood in the circulatory system
11
Q
What is hypotension?
A
BP of less than 90/60
12
Q
What is hypertension?
A
BP over 130/80
13
Q
How do we determine BP?
A
- sphygmomanometer
- recorded as a ratio: systolic/diastolic
- recorded as mm/Hg
14
Q
What is systolic BP?
A
pressure inside arteries when the heart is pumping
15
Q
What is diastolic BP?
A
pressure inside arteries when the heart is resting between beats
